助动词“た”的“变化”之意

发布时间：2018-04-29 03:06

本文选题：た + 变化意义　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在日语语法中，“た”只不过是个助动词，但却占据着非常重要的位置。由于表示“过去”意义的频繁使用，以至于被命名为“过去助动词”。实际上，除了表示“过去”这一意义之外，“た”还有表示“完了”、“发现”、“确认”、“命令”等意义。对于日本人来说，能够轻松地使用助动词“た”来抒情达意，而对于日语学习者来说，往往会因为各种各样的意思而感到困惑。目前为止，对助动词“た”的相关研究很多，但多数研究都集中在助动词“た”所表示的“过去”和“完了”之意上，而本文是以“过去”和“完了”之意为基础，探究助动词“た”所具有的“变化”之意。本文在说明助动词“た”所具有的“过去”、“完了”和“发现”三种基本意义之后，介绍助动词“た”所表示的“变化”意义。从后接助动词“た”表示“变化”之意的“品词”入手，，由表示“变化”之意的“动词”和表示“变化”之意的“形容词”两方面来介绍。在表示“变化”意义的品词中以动词居多，部分形容词在做连体修饰语时也可以表示“变化”之意。阐述表示“变化”之意“动词”的部分是本文的核心，本文主要是以“非R兆餍訰諍^＋た”为中心来分析“变化”之意。为此，在最后一章从三种形式进一步分析“变化”动词的结构特征。一种形式是由非动作性向非动作性的变化。实现这一“变化”意义的动词主要是非动作性动词，具有“非意志性”、“比较性”和“落差性”等特征。另一种形式是由非动作性向动作性的变化。实现这一“变化”的动词是动作性动词。还有一种形式是由动作性向非动作性的变化。构成这一“变化”的动词主要是像“来る”、“寝る”等等这样的动词。本文通过对助动词“た”变化意义的分析说明，明确助动词“た”的一词多义性，进而加深对“た”的理解和把握。
[Abstract]:In Japanese grammar, Li is only an auxiliary verb, but it occupies a very important position. Because of the frequent use of the meaning of "past", it is named "past auxiliary verb". In fact, in addition to the meaning of "past", "Li" also means "finished", "found", "confirmed", "command" and so on. For Japanese, it is easy to use the auxiliary verb "Li" to express their feelings, but for Japanese learners, they are often confused by various meanings. So far, there has been a lot of research on the auxiliary verb "Li", but most of the studies have focused on the meaning of "past" and "finished", which are expressed by the auxiliary verb "Li", and this paper is based on the meaning of "past" and "finished". Explore the meaning of "change" in the auxiliary verb "Li". After explaining the three basic meanings of "past", "finished" and "discovery" of the auxiliary verb "Li", this paper introduces the meaning of "change" expressed by the auxiliary verb "Li". This paper begins with the following auxiliary verb "Li", which means "change", and introduces it from two aspects: "verb" which means "change" and "adjective" which means "change". Verbs are the most important words in the meaning of "change", and some adjectives can also mean "change" when they are used as conjunctive modifiers. It is the core of this paper to expound the meaning of "verb" which is the meaning of "change", which is mainly to analyze the meaning of "change" by taking "non-R sign contentment" as the center. Therefore, in the last chapter, the structural characteristics of the variable verb are further analyzed in three forms. One form is the change from non-action to non-action. The verbs that realize the meaning of "change" are mainly non-action verbs, which have the characteristics of "non-will", "comparison" and "difference". Another form of change is from non-action to action. The verb that realizes this "change" is an action verb. There is also a change from action to non-action. The verbs that make up this change are mainly verbs such as "Laizao", "bedtime" and so on. Through the analysis of the meaning of the auxiliary verb "Li", this paper clarifies the polysemy of the auxiliary verb "Li", and then deepens the understanding and grasp of "Li".
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H36

【参考文献】