顾忌表现的中日对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 08:57

本文选题：顾忌 + 跨文化交际　；参考：《山东师范大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：人们在进行日常社会交际活动时,总会有对各个方面的顾忌。揣测对方的心理、考虑到对方的立场、尽量做到符合对方的意志,避免造成对对方的失礼。这种顾忌不仅体现在语言行为中,与所有行为活动都息息相关。本文仅就会话语言交际中的顾忌现象作一探讨。在任何一种语言中,都会有顾忌心理的体现。但每种语言的表达方法都不尽相同。因此,在跨文化交际的场合,顾忌方式的不同经常会引起摩擦。应该符合对方国家的顾忌规则。也就是说,使用日语的时候,应符合日本式的顾忌原则。这样才能使与日本人的交际顺利进行下去。本文以中日交际中容易产生摩擦的场合为中心,依据社会语言学的研究方法,对汉语和日语中顾忌语言行为的实际应用情况进行了比较分析。本文将英国语言哲学家J.L.Austin 和J.R.Searle 的语言行为理论作为理论框架,通过对摩擦事例的分析,部分地明确了两种语言中不同的顾忌表达方式及方面。进而,透过语言现象,分析了交际双方不同的文化背景和心理。希望对今后的中日跨文化交际起到积极的作用。本文由四部分构成。第一部分主要介绍了顾忌表达的定义及其对保持良好人际关系所起的重要作用,论证了进行跨文化比较研究顾忌表达语言行为的必要性及意义。第二部分列举了围绕顾忌表达从各个角度进行论证的研究成果,并确立了本文的研究对象和分析方法。第三部分是本文的主要部分即分析部分。在这部分里,将顾忌表达分成三个主要领域,归纳了各个领域里日语和汉语的共同点,同时以跨文化交际中的摩擦事例(主要是缓和表达里的打电话的方式和提议、劝诱方式;受益表达里的礼物赠送礼节和从汉语角度看日语里的「ヤリモライ文」;使人心情愉悦表达里的话题的提起、日常问候行为和称赞表达等)为中心,明确了两种语言在顾忌表达方面的不同点。此外,还进一步分析了带来这些差异的文化及民族心理等根本因素方面的差异。在缓和表达、受益表达、使人心情愉悦表达这三个领域中,汉语和日语里都有对对方顾忌心理的体现,但总体上日语比汉语细腻、表达方法也多样。当然,也有汉语里无须顾忌表达而日语里却是必需的场合。即便是两种语言中都必需顾忌的场合,其顾忌的方面和表达方式又有很大差别。究其原因在于当时场合下影响语言习惯的文化背景和心
[Abstract]:People always have scruples about all aspects of their daily social activities. Guess each other's psychology, consider the other side's position, try to conform to each other's will, avoid causing the other party's impolite. Such scruples are not only embodied in language behavior, but also closely related to all behavioral activities. This paper only discusses the phenomenon of scruples in conversational language communication. In any language, there will be a psychological reflection of scruples. But each language is expressed in different ways. Therefore, in cross-cultural communication, different ways of scruples often cause friction. Should be in line with the other country's scruples. In other words, the use of Japanese, should conform to the Japanese principle of scruples. Only in this way can the communication with the Japanese proceed smoothly. Based on the research methods of sociolinguistics, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the practical application of language behavior of scruples in Chinese and Japanese, focusing on the situations where friction is easy to occur in the communication between China and Japan. In this paper, the linguistic behavior theory of English language philosophers J.L.Austin and J.R.Searle is taken as the theoretical framework. Through the analysis of frictional cases, the different ways of expressing scruples and aspects in the two languages are partly clarified. Then, through the linguistic phenomenon, the author analyzes the different cultural backgrounds and psychology of the communicative parties. Hope to play a positive role in the future cross-cultural communication between China and Japan. This paper consists of four parts. The first part mainly introduces the definition of scruple expression and its important role in maintaining a good interpersonal relationship, and demonstrates the necessity and significance of cross-cultural comparative study on worry-expressing language behavior. The second part enumerates the research results from various angles and establishes the research object and analysis method. The third part is the main part of this paper, namely the analysis part. In this part, the author divides the scruple expression into three main areas, sums up the common ground between Japanese and Chinese in various fields, and at the same time uses the frictional examples in cross-cultural communication (mainly the ways and suggestions to ease the phone call in the expression, and the inducement way); The gift giving in the beneficial expression and the Japanese language in the Chinese language; the mention of the topic in the cheerful expression, the daily greeting behavior, the compliment expression, etc.) as the center, The differences between the two languages in terms of scruples and expressions are clarified. In addition, the differences of culture and national psychology are further analyzed. In the three fields of gentle expression, beneficial expression and pleasant expression, both Chinese and Japanese have the embodiment of the other's scruples, but in general Japanese is more delicate than Chinese, and the methods of expression are also various. Of course, there are also occasions in Chinese that don't have to be worrisome and that are necessary in Japanese. Even in situations where scruples are necessary in both languages, the ways of scruples and expressions are very different. The reason lies in the cultural background and heart that influenced the language habit at that time.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：H36

【相似文献】