基于语料库的英语名词性成分使用频率及其文体分布考察

发布时间：2018-02-26 06:36

本文关键词： 词性英语名词性成分使用频率文体分布美语语料库　出处：《山东外语教学》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：名词性成分作为语言系统中最基本的构成成分,一旦其使用频率出现较大变化,必然导致整个语篇结构或布局的变异。正是基于此,本文通过大型英语语料库COCA和COHA,从共时和历时两个不同角度,以五种不同文体(口语、小说、期刊、新闻和学术)为对象,来实证考察这种共轨性。具体来说,首先考察词性与文体之关系,然后以作主语和宾语的三种名词性成分(派生名词、名词性小句、-ING形式和TO不定式)为切入点进一步具体考察,结果发现:实词远高于虚词的使用频率,口语体与学术体呈明显对立态势;派生名词在学术文体中使用最多,而小说文体中则最少,且多作主语;名词性小句多出现在口语文体中,作主语的小句多于作宾语的;-ING形式和TO不定式形式也多出现在口语中,两者作宾语的变化很大。由此可见,某种词性的使用频率若过大必使整个文体系统转向另外的系统。
[Abstract]:As the most basic component in the language system, once the use frequency of the nominal component changes greatly, it will inevitably lead to the variation of the structure or layout of the whole text. This paper, from two different angles of synchronic and diachronic, takes five different styles (spoken English, novel, periodical, news and academic) as the objects to examine this kind of commonality. First of all, the relationship between part of speech and style is examined, and then the three kinds of noun components (derived noun, noun clause-ing and to infinitive) are taken as subject and object as the starting point. The results show that notional words are much more frequently used than function words, oral style and academic style are obviously opposite, derivation nouns are mostly used in academic style, while novels are the least, and most of them are subject. Noun clauses often appear in spoken English style, and the clauses as subjects are more than those as objects, and so do infinitive forms also appear in spoken English. The changes of the two clauses as objects are very great, so it can be seen that there is a great change in the use of noun clauses as objects in spoken English. Excessive frequency of use of one part of speech will lead the whole stylistic system to another system.
【作者单位】：上海海事大学外国语学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目(项目编号:12BYY126)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：H314

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