《用心的教师》（节选）汉译实践报告：功能对等理论指导下翻译腔的消除
发布时间：2018-09-12 05:27
【摘要】：我国一直非常重视教育事业的发展。随着时代的进步,社会对教育也提出了更高要求。教师作为教书育人的主体,与教育的兴旺和国家的发展息息相关。我国如今正大力推行教育改革,提倡探索有中国特色的教育理念的同时也应加强国际交流,学习国外先进教育思想。在此背景下,笔者选择了教育类文本进行翻译,引进国外教育改革及教师发展的经验,希望对于我国教育改革具有借鉴及启示作用,以促进我国教育发展。本次翻译项目原文《用心的教师》属于学校改革系列丛书,由哥伦比亚大学教师学院出版社出版。作者为擅长理论研究的波士顿大学教授丹尼斯·雪利及拥有丰富一线教学经验的伊丽莎白·麦克唐纳德。该书是一本讲述教学之道的著作,聚焦于教师的职业发展。笔者对本书的第四章“用心教学的七种协同效应”、第五章“用心的教师领导力”及第六章“用心的教师与科技”进行了翻译。第四章“用心教学的七种协同效应”为教师进行相关实践提供建议,阐述用心的教师应具备的素质,指导教师臻于完善。第五章“用心的教师领导力”着眼于提升教师的领导能力,明确教师在教育改革中的作用。第六章“用心的教师与科技”指导教师在科技和教育中寻求平衡,教导学生不滥用科技与网络,帮助学生建立正确的科技观。翻译腔是影响翻译质量的重要因素。它通常语言生硬,晦涩难懂,甚至阻碍读者对信息的理解,造成译文交际功能的严重下降。因此如何消除翻译过程中的翻译腔,使译文更流畅通顺,是英译汉过程中的一个难点,也是这次翻译报告的出发点以及力图思考的主要问题。本报告以奈达的功能对等理论为基础,介绍了翻译腔的概念、表现、成因及危害,并从词汇、句子、篇章三方面探讨了消除翻译腔的对策,以期实现功能对等。笔者提供了一些实例,通过比较原译和改译后的译文,阐述了翻译腔的实际表现以及消除翻译腔的详细策略。词汇层面,翻译策略主要包括确定词义、词类转换、增补词语、省略词语及合并词语。句子层面,翻译策略主要为拆分法、语态转换法、无灵主语句的翻译及插入语的翻译。语篇衔接连贯方面则使用照应、省略、替代、连接、词汇衔接等调整手段。通过使用这些翻译策略,改译后的译文更贴合汉语的表达习惯,语句更通顺流畅,有效地消除了翻译腔。希望本文能为消除社科类文本类翻译中的翻译腔提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:China has always attached great importance to the development of education. With the progress of the times, society has put forward higher requirements for education. As the subject of teaching and educating people, teachers are closely related to the prosperity of education and the development of the country. Our country is carrying out the educational reform vigorously now, advocating exploring the educational idea with Chinese characteristics, at the same time, we should strengthen the international exchange and study the advanced educational thought of foreign countries. Under this background, the author chooses the educational text to translate, introduces the foreign education reform and the teacher development experience, hopes to have the reference and the enlightenment function to our country education reform, in order to promote our country education development. The original text of this translation project, teacher of mind, belongs to a series of books on school reform, published by Columbia University Teachers College Press. The authors are Dennis Shelley, a professor at Boston University who specializes in theoretical research, and Elizabeth McDonald, who has extensive experience in teaching. The book is a book about teaching, focusing on the professional development of teachers. The author has translated the fourth chapter of this book, "the seven synergistic effects of teaching by heart", the fifth chapter, "the leadership of the teacher with heart" and the chapter six, "the teacher of heart and science and technology". The fourth chapter, "the seven synergetic effects of attentional teaching", provides suggestions for teachers to carry out relevant practice, expounds the qualities teachers should possess and instructs teachers to improve. Chapter five, "teacher leadership by heart", focuses on improving teachers' leadership ability and clarifying the role of teachers in educational reform. The sixth chapter "the teacher and the science with heart" instructs the teacher to seek the balance in the science and technology and the education, teaches the student not to abuse the science and technology and the network, helps the student to establish the correct science and technology view. Translation cavity is an important factor affecting translation quality. It is usually stiff, obscure and even hinders the reader's understanding of information, resulting in a serious decline in the communicative function of the target text. Therefore, how to eliminate the translation cavity and make the translation more smooth is a difficult point in the process of English and Chinese translation, and also the starting point of this translation report and the main problem to be considered. Based on Nida's functional equivalence theory, this report introduces the concept, expression, causes and harm of translation cavity, and discusses the countermeasures of eliminating translation cavity from three aspects: vocabulary, sentence and text, in order to achieve functional equivalence. By comparing the original translation with the modified translation, the author illustrates the actual performance of the translation cavity and the detailed strategies to eliminate the translation cavity. At the lexical level, translation strategies include the determination of word meaning, the conversion of parts of speech, the addition of words, the omission of words and the combination of words. At sentence level, the translation strategies are split method, voice conversion method, the translation of inanimate subjects and the translation of inserts. On the other hand, reference, ellipsis, substitution, connection and lexical cohesion are used in cohesion and coherence. By using these translation strategies, the translated text is more suitable for Chinese expression, and the sentence is more smooth and smooth, which effectively eliminates the translation cavity. It is hoped that this paper can provide some references for the elimination of the translation cavity in the translation of social sciences.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9
本文编号：2238041
[Abstract]:China has always attached great importance to the development of education. With the progress of the times, society has put forward higher requirements for education. As the subject of teaching and educating people, teachers are closely related to the prosperity of education and the development of the country. Our country is carrying out the educational reform vigorously now, advocating exploring the educational idea with Chinese characteristics, at the same time, we should strengthen the international exchange and study the advanced educational thought of foreign countries. Under this background, the author chooses the educational text to translate, introduces the foreign education reform and the teacher development experience, hopes to have the reference and the enlightenment function to our country education reform, in order to promote our country education development. The original text of this translation project, teacher of mind, belongs to a series of books on school reform, published by Columbia University Teachers College Press. The authors are Dennis Shelley, a professor at Boston University who specializes in theoretical research, and Elizabeth McDonald, who has extensive experience in teaching. The book is a book about teaching, focusing on the professional development of teachers. The author has translated the fourth chapter of this book, "the seven synergistic effects of teaching by heart", the fifth chapter, "the leadership of the teacher with heart" and the chapter six, "the teacher of heart and science and technology". The fourth chapter, "the seven synergetic effects of attentional teaching", provides suggestions for teachers to carry out relevant practice, expounds the qualities teachers should possess and instructs teachers to improve. Chapter five, "teacher leadership by heart", focuses on improving teachers' leadership ability and clarifying the role of teachers in educational reform. The sixth chapter "the teacher and the science with heart" instructs the teacher to seek the balance in the science and technology and the education, teaches the student not to abuse the science and technology and the network, helps the student to establish the correct science and technology view. Translation cavity is an important factor affecting translation quality. It is usually stiff, obscure and even hinders the reader's understanding of information, resulting in a serious decline in the communicative function of the target text. Therefore, how to eliminate the translation cavity and make the translation more smooth is a difficult point in the process of English and Chinese translation, and also the starting point of this translation report and the main problem to be considered. Based on Nida's functional equivalence theory, this report introduces the concept, expression, causes and harm of translation cavity, and discusses the countermeasures of eliminating translation cavity from three aspects: vocabulary, sentence and text, in order to achieve functional equivalence. By comparing the original translation with the modified translation, the author illustrates the actual performance of the translation cavity and the detailed strategies to eliminate the translation cavity. At the lexical level, translation strategies include the determination of word meaning, the conversion of parts of speech, the addition of words, the omission of words and the combination of words. At sentence level, the translation strategies are split method, voice conversion method, the translation of inanimate subjects and the translation of inserts. On the other hand, reference, ellipsis, substitution, connection and lexical cohesion are used in cohesion and coherence. By using these translation strategies, the translated text is more suitable for Chinese expression, and the sentence is more smooth and smooth, which effectively eliminates the translation cavity. It is hoped that this paper can provide some references for the elimination of the translation cavity in the translation of social sciences.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9
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