合院式住宅建筑在现代城市空间中的继承与发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 23:56

本文选题：合院式住宅 + 现代城市　；参考：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球化和经济一体化,世界各国的建筑受“国际现代主义建筑”的影响,在实现功能化、现代化、简约化的同时,却存在着很多弊端。例如解决问题的方法太随机,对建筑的历史文脉结合考虑甚少,有些设计缺乏对原有自然环境与历史环境的保护尊重,忽视原有的城市机理,生硬地安排设计一些与原有城市风貌不协调的现代建筑,使整个城市肌理遭到破坏等。这样使得很多原有的城市特色在日新月异的建设中被稀释,甚至被破坏消失,大量出现了建筑的趋同现象,而作为城市空间的重要组成部分——住宅建筑正面临着前所未有的城市建设特色危机。芒福德曾说：“一个良好的居住环境,需要能使它的居民同传统文化浑然一体”。由此可见,新的住宅设计与发展应与传统的文化与文物保护相互联系起来。而在我国的传统住宅中,合院式住宅建筑是中国分布最广的住宅类型,它是中华民族的先辈们经过一代又一代的改良与尝试后所产生的最适合我们日常生活、地域环境、传统文化等民族形态的住宅模式,同时也凝聚了中华民族优秀的建筑、园林、规划等设计与美学理念,是一个地区的历史、文化、艺术、气候环境等因素的综合体现。合院式住宅所独有的庭院式结构设计使得传统住宅空间可以很好的处理人、自然、社会之间的关系,这些合院式住宅多层次的内部庭院空间不仅蕴含着对自然环境利用与改造的智慧,还体现着天人合一、虚实相生的哲理。所以在全球化的今天,如何能使得这一优秀的住宅形式在现代城市空间中得以继承与发展就显得尤为重要了,而继承与发展并不是相对立的,它们是相辅相承、相互影响的,是要求我们不仅要将那些有重要价值的地域性住宅建筑进行保留,还要充分挖掘中国传统住宅建筑中的文化元素与内涵,并结合新科技新手段,从而使现代的住宅空间具有民族性,地方性。在对国外传统住宅建筑和国内合院式住宅建筑的保护、改造与发展等方面的相关法规和优秀案例进行分析以后,试图对中国合院式住宅进行“形”和“意”两方面的概括,探索其在现代住宅设计中的融合与应用,并探讨“庭院”这一重要设计要素在现代的商品住宅中的传承与改良,从而使传统住宅形式在现代城市中可以更好的继承与发展。
[Abstract]:With the globalization and economic integration, the architecture of the world is affected by the "international modernist architecture", but there are many disadvantages in the realization of functionalization, modernization and simplification. For example, the solution to the problem is too random, the historical context of the building is seldom considered, some designs lack respect for the original natural and historical environment, and neglect the original urban mechanism. To design some modern buildings which are not in harmony with the original urban style and features, so that the whole city texture has been destroyed and so on. In this way, many of the original urban characteristics have been diluted or even destroyed in the rapid development of construction, and a large number of converging phenomena of buildings have appeared. As an important part of urban space, residential buildings are facing unprecedented crisis of urban construction characteristics. Munford once said, "A good living environment needs to be able to integrate its inhabitants with traditional culture." Thus, the new housing design and development should be linked to the traditional culture and cultural relics protection. In the traditional residence of our country, the residential building of courtyard type is the most widely distributed residential type in China. It is the most suitable for our daily life and regional environment produced by the forefathers of the Chinese nation after generation of improvement and trial. Traditional culture and other national forms of housing model, but also condensed the excellent Chinese architecture, garden, planning and other design and aesthetic concepts, is a region of history, culture, art, climate and environmental factors comprehensive embodiment. The unique courtyard structure design of the courtyard house enables the traditional residential space to handle the relationships among people, nature and society very well. The multi-level courtyard space of these courtyard houses not only contains the wisdom of using and transforming the natural environment, but also embodies the philosophy of the unity of nature and man and the existence of the void and reality. Therefore, how to make this excellent housing form inherit and develop in modern urban space is particularly important in today's globalization, and inheritance and development are not opposed to each other, they complement each other and affect each other. It requires us not only to retain those regional residential buildings that are of great value, but also to fully tap the cultural elements and connotations of traditional Chinese residential buildings, and to combine new scientific and technological means with new ones. In order to make the modern residential space with national, local. After analyzing the relevant laws and regulations and outstanding cases about the protection, renovation and development of the traditional residential buildings and the domestic residential buildings in China, the author tries to generalize the "shape" and "meaning" of the Chinese residential buildings. This paper explores its integration and application in modern residential design, and probes into the inheritance and improvement of the important design element of "courtyard" in modern commercial housing, so that the traditional residential form can be better inherited and developed in modern cities.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU241;TU984.113

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