四种彩色植物光合生理生态特性的研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 00:58

本文选题：光合作用 + 净光合速率　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：彩色植物在城市彩化中具有广泛的应用前景。本研究对四种彩色植物金叶红瑞木、金叶银杏、紫叶加拿大紫荆和金叶垂榆的光合生理、耐阴性和抗旱性进行了系统的研究,旨在为这四种彩色植物的引种和在城市园林中的配植应该提供理论依据。研究成果表明:1、金叶红瑞木、金叶银杏、紫叶加拿大紫荆、金叶垂榆的光补偿点分别为30.69、67.87、35.27和74.14μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1),光饱和点分别为1448.67、1472.62、1470.84和1326.59μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1);金叶垂榆和金叶银杏属于不耐阴的阳性树种,紫叶加拿大紫荆、金叶红瑞木属于稍耐阴的阳性树种。2、金叶红瑞木和金叶银杏在春、秋季的净光合速率日变化呈单峰曲线,夏季呈双峰曲线;紫叶加拿大紫荆、金叶垂榆在春、夏、秋三季的净光合速率日变化呈单峰曲线。净光合速率最大日平均值金叶红瑞木和紫叶加拿大紫荆的出现在夏季,而金叶银杏、金叶垂榆出现在秋季。3、春、夏、秋季光合有效辐射对金叶红瑞木和金叶垂榆的净光合速率影响最大;春季蒸腾速率、夏季相对湿度、秋季光合有效辐射对金叶银杏净光合速率的影响最大;春季相对湿度、夏秋季光合有效辐射对紫叶加拿大紫荆净光合速率的影响最大。4、金叶红瑞木春、夏、秋三季的光能利用率依次为0.64%、0.63%和0.02%,金叶银杏春、夏、秋三季的光能利用率依次为0.43%、1.17%和0.94%,紫叶加拿大紫荆春、夏、秋三季的光能利用率分别为0.65%、0.92%和0.53%,金叶垂榆春、夏、秋三季的光能利用率分别为0.59%、0.48%和0.41%;金叶银杏、紫叶加拿大紫荆的光能利用夏季率最高,金叶红瑞木、金叶垂榆的光能利用率春季最高。5、金叶红瑞木春、夏、秋三季的水分利用率依次为2.3194、4.6796和4.5300μmol CO_2·mmol~(-1) H_2O,金叶银杏木春、夏、秋三季的水分利用率依次为2.8427、5.5144和2.6503μmol CO_2·mmol~(-1) H_2O,紫叶加拿大紫荆春、夏、秋三季的水分利用率依次为2.6578、2.9505和4.8467μmol CO_2·mmol~(-1) H_2O,金叶垂榆春、夏、秋三季的水分利用率依次为2.7845、1.0465和2.8268μmol CO_2·mmol~(-1) H_2O。金叶红瑞木春季的抗旱能力较弱,夏季和秋季较强;金叶银杏夏季的抗旱能力较强,春季次之,秋季最弱;紫叶加拿大紫荆秋季的抗旱能力较强,夏季次之,春季较弱;金叶垂榆春、秋季的抗旱能力较强,夏季较弱。6、金叶银杏树体高大,叶色美丽,适宜做行道树和庭荫树;紫叶加拿大紫荆先花后叶,花色和叶色俱佳,是观叶观花的好材料,丛植和群植均可;金叶垂榆伞形树冠,树形奇特,叶色美丽,可列植路边或丛植草坪,十分美丽;金叶红瑞木是叶色和冬季落叶后枝条颜色都十分美丽的灌木,可丛植或列植草坪边缘及林缘。这些彩色树种与常绿或落叶的绿叶树种合理搭配应用,可以营造色彩丰富、引人入胜的景观效果。
[Abstract]:Color plants have a wide application prospect in urban color. In this study, the photosynthetic physiology, negative tolerance and drought resistance of four kinds of color plants, red rubra, ginkgo biloba, purple leaf Bauhinia canadensis and Sanguisorba rubrum, were studied systematically. The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical basis for the introduction of these four color plants and their matching in urban gardens. The results showed that the light compensation points of W1, Ginkgo biloba, Cercis chinensis and Sanguisorba chinensis were 30.69U 67.87735.27 and 74.14 渭 mol m ~ (-2) s ~ (-1), the light saturation points were 1448.6714721470.84 and 1326.59 渭 mol m ~ (-2) s ~ (-1), respectively, and S-1 and Ginkgo biloba were positive species which could not tolerate shade, respectively, and their light saturation points were 1448.62.621470.84 and 1326.59 渭 mol m ~ (-2) s ~ (-1), respectively. The net photosynthetic rate in spring and autumn showed a single peak curve and a double peak curve in summer, and a single peak curve in spring and a double peak curve in summer, and a single peak curve in spring, a double peak curve in summer, and a single peak curve in spring. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate in summer and autumn showed a single peak curve. The maximum daily average of net photosynthetic rate (net photosynthetic rate) appeared in summer, while Ginkgo biloba and Ulmus officinalis were found in autumn, spring and summer. The effect of photosynthetic available radiation on net photosynthetic rate was the largest in autumn, transpiration rate in spring, relative humidity in summer, photosynthetic available radiation in autumn had the greatest effect on net photosynthetic rate of Ginkgo biloba, and relative humidity in spring. In summer and autumn, photosynthetic available radiation had the greatest effect on the net photosynthetic rate of Bauhinia canadensis. The light energy utilization efficiency of the three seasons was 0.64% 0.63% and 0.02%, respectively, and that of Ginkgo biloba was 0.64% and 0.02%, respectively, and that of Ginkgo biloba in spring and summer was 0.02%, respectively. The utilization rate of light energy in three seasons of autumn was 0.430.17% and 0.94%, respectively. The utilization rate of light energy in purple leaf Canadian Bauhinia chinensis in spring, summer and autumn was 0.650.92% and 0.53, respectively. The utilization rate of light energy in spring, summer and autumn was 0.5948% and 0.41 respectively, and that in Ginkgo biloba was 0.59%. The utilization rate of light energy in summer was the highest, the utilization rate of light energy was the highest in spring. 5. The water use efficiency in spring, summer and autumn was 2.31944.6796 and 4.5300 渭 mol CO2 mmol ~ (-1) H _ 2O, respectively, while that of Ginkgo biloba in spring, summer, and summer was the highest. The water use efficiency of the three seasons was 2.84275.5144 and 2.6503 渭 mol CO2 mmol ~ (-1) H _ 2O, respectively, and the water use efficiency of purple leaf Canadian Bauhinia chinensis in spring, summer and autumn were 2.6578 ~ 2.9505 and 4.8467 渭 mol CO _ 2 mmol ~ (-1) H _ 2O, respectively. The water use efficiency in summer and autumn were 2.7845, 1.0465 and 2.8268 渭 mol CO2 mmol ~ (-1) H _ 2O, respectively. The ability of drought resistance in spring is weak, summer and autumn is stronger, Ginkgo biloba is stronger in summer, spring is second, autumn is the weakest, purple leaf Canadian bauhinia has stronger drought resistance in autumn, followed by summer and spring. In spring and autumn, golden leaves have a stronger ability to resist drought, and summer is weak. 6. The tree is tall and beautiful in color and suitable for use as a street tree and a shade tree. The purple leaf Canadian bauhinia is a good material for viewing foliage, because of its excellent flower color and leaf color. The golden leaves are in the umbrella-shaped crown of the elm, the trees are peculiar in shape, and the leaves are beautiful. They can be planted on the roadside or on the grass in thickets, very beautiful; and the red rustles are the most beautiful shrubs in the color of leaves and branches after the winter leaves. The edge of lawn and forest edge can be planted or arranged. The collocation of these color trees with evergreen or deciduous green leaves can create colorful and attractive landscape effects.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q945

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