甘肃河西地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群NGB基因外显子的遗传变异研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 16:13

本文选题：NGB基因　切入点：外显子　出处：《甘肃农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为研究甘肃河西走廊地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群NGB基因外显子的遗传多态性,本试验采用PCR-SSCP方法检测了甘肃河西5个地区283头西门塔尔牛杂交类群NGB基因4个外显子和部分内含子扩增区段的遗传多态性,得到如下结果:1、P1扩增片段包含外显子1和部分内含子,共存在5种基因型(AA、AB、BB、CC、AC)和3个突变,仅2个突变落在外显子上。其中,第133bp C→G的突变使亮氨酸变成缬氨酸(Leu→Val)。在此突变上,仅甘州和高台地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群属于Hardy-Weinberg均衡,为中度多态;临泽、金昌和武威地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群不处于均衡且为低度多态。2、P2扩增片段包含外显子2和部分内含子,仅存在AB一种基因型和第102bp的G→T突变,但此突变落在内含子上。3、P3扩增片段包含外显子3和部分内含子,共存在5种基因型(AA、AB、AC、AD、AE)和6个突变,其中仅4个突变落于外显子上。其中,第214bp G→A的突变使甘氨酸变成丝氨酸(Gly→Ser),第232bp C→T的突变使精氨酸变成色氨酸(Arg→Trp),第233bp G→A的突变使精氨酸变成谷氨酰胺(Arg→Gln),第128bp G→A的突变没有使氨基酸发生改变。在此突变上,5个地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群均属于Hardy-Weinberg平衡且均为低度多态。4、P4扩增片段包含外显子4和部分内含子,共存在6种基因型(AA、BB、AB、AC、AD、AE)和5个突变,其中仅1个突变落在外显子上。即第207bp C→T的突变未使氨基酸发生变化。在此突变上,武威和金昌地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群属于Hardy-Weinberg均衡,临泽、甘州和高台地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群则不处于均衡,但5个地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群均为中度多态。5、西门塔尔牛杂交类群NGB基因序列与牦牛和绵羊具有很高的相似性,在进化树中距离最近,其形成的进化树与生物进化形成的物种树大体相同,推测NGB基因在物种之间较保守,且具有极其相似的生物学作用。本试验对河西不同地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群NGB基因4个外显子的扩增片段进行了比较研究,为研究不同地区西门塔尔牛杂交类群NGB基因之间的差异奠定了基础,且为揭示西门塔尔牛杂交类群NGB基因的遗传变异规律提供了一定的理论依据,对于探讨NGB基因在缺氧缺血疾病中的生理机制具有一定的理论和实践意义。
[Abstract]:To study the genetic polymorphism of NGB gene exon in Simmental cattle hybrid group in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China. The genetic polymorphisms of four exons and some intron amplification regions of NGB gene in 283 Simmental cattle hybrids in five areas of Hexi Gansu Province were detected by PCR-SSCP method. The results are as follows: the amplified fragment contains exon 1 and some introns, and there are five genotypes (AAAAAABBBBBCCACC) and three mutations, and only 2 mutations fall on the exon. Among them, 133bp C. 鈫扜 mutation turns leucine into valine Leu. 鈫扞n this mutation, only the cross group of Simmental cattle in Ganzhou and Gaotai area belongs to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which is moderately polymorphic. The cross group of Simmental cattle in Jinchang and Wuwei areas is not balanced and is low polymorphic. 2P 2 amplified fragment contains exon 2 and part intron. There is only one AB genotype and 102bp G. 鈫扵 mutation, but this mutation falls on the intron. 3P3-amplified fragment contains exon 3 and part intron. There are 5 genotypes, AAAAAABA AAC AEE) and 6 mutations, of which only 4 are on exon. Among them, 214bp G. 鈫扐 mutation turns glycine into serine gly. 鈫扴erine, 232bp C. 鈫扵 mutation turns arginine into tryptophan Arg. 鈫扵rpfus, 233bp G. 鈫扐 mutation turns arginine into glutamine Arg. 鈫扜lnus, 128bp G. 鈫扵he mutation of A did not change the amino acid. In this mutation, the hybridization groups of Simmental cattle in the five regions all belong to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and are all low degree polymorphic. 4P4 amplified fragments contain exon 4 and some introns. There were 6 genotypes (AAAABBB) and 5 mutations, of which only 1 mutation fell on the exon. That is, 207bp. 鈫扵he mutation of T did not change the amino acid. In this mutation, the cross group of Simmental cattle in Wuwei and Jinchang area belongs to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, but the cross group of Simmental cattle in Linze, Ganzhou and Gaotai is not balanced. However, the NGB gene sequence of Simmental cattle cross group was highly similar to that of yak and sheep, and had the closest distance in the evolutionary tree, but the cross group of Simmental cattle were all moderately polymorphic, and the NGB gene sequence of Simmental cattle cross group was similar to that of yak and sheep. The phylogenetic tree formed by the phylogenetic tree is roughly the same as the species tree formed by biological evolution. It is assumed that the NGB gene is more conserved between species. The amplification of NGB gene exons of Simmental cattle hybrids in different areas of Hexi was studied. It lays a foundation for the study of the difference of NGB gene among the hybrids of Simmental cattle in different regions, and provides a theoretical basis for revealing the genetic variation of the NGB gene in the hybrid group of Simmental cattle. It is of theoretical and practical significance to study the physiological mechanism of NGB gene in hypoxic-ischemic diseases.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823

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