选择性血管结扎建立鸡股骨头坏死模型的实验研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 23:19

本文关键词：选择性血管结扎建立鸡股骨头坏死模型的实验研究　出处：《郑州大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 研究背景与目的随着医学检测手段的提高,股骨头坏死(ONFH)的发病率在近年来呈逐年增高的趋势,但该病的治疗依然是骨科界最困难的问题之一,因为到目前为止,尚没有一种治疗方法可以终止或逆转已经发生的股骨头坏死的病理进程,以阻止股骨头的进一步破坏。股骨头坏死的各种治疗新方法的发展主要基于能够模拟人股骨头坏死的自然病理过程的动物模型,自1957年Pietrogrand等首先报道糖皮质激素易引起股骨头缺血坏死以来,人们一直在探索建立一种理想的动物模型来模拟人股骨头坏死的病理生理过程。股骨头坏死动物模型分为创伤性和非创伤性,各国学者已经通过这两种方法建立了各种各样的动物模型,却没有一种模型可以完全模拟人股骨头由早期坏死逐步进展至晚期关节面塌陷的自然病理过程。本实验应用选择性血管结扎法建立鸡股骨头坏死模型,为人股骨头坏死的临床治疗研究探讨建立一种新型的动物模型。材料与方法 30只三黄鸡(郑州大学实验动物中心提供),雌雄不限,体重1.5-2.1kg,平均1.8kg。随机分为两组,A组25只,随机选择一侧股骨头进行手术切开,结扎股骨头周围动脉血管并切断股骨头圆韧带。B组5只,仅进行手术切开,未阻断血管及圆韧带。术后2,4,8,12周分批处死,取出股骨头标本进行大体观察,并进行组织切片,染色,病理观察,了解股骨头坏死的情况。结果术后两周,股骨头稍显苍白,切片示骨髓水肿。4周时,关节面粗糙,空骨陷凹增加,骨小梁排列紊乱。术后8周,关节面苍白,粗糙,无光泽,大量空骨陷凹出现,空骨陷凹率在75-90%之间。12周股骨头略变扁,骨小梁变细,紊乱,部分崩解成碎片,软骨下骨折加重。结论选择性血管结扎法可以建立鸡股骨头坏死动物模型,为人股骨头坏死的治疗研究提供了新型的动物模型。
[Abstract]:Research background and purpose
With the development of medical detection methods improved, femoral head necrosis (ONFH) incidence rate increased year by year in recent years is the trend, but the treatment of the disease is still one of the most difficult issue in the field of Department of orthopedics, because so far, there is no pathological process for treating femoral head necrosis method can halt or reverse has occurred in the in order to prevent further damage, the femoral head femoral head necrosis. The development of a variety of new treatment is mainly based on the animal model can simulate human nature of avascular necrosis of the pathological process, since 1957, Pietrogrand first reported that glucocorticoids can lead to avascular necrosis of the femoral head, people have been exploring to establish an ideal animal model simulation of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The pathophysiological process of animal model of femoral head necrosis was divided into traumatic and non traumatic, scholars have established through these two methods The animal model of, but not a model can fully simulate human femoral head necrosis from early to late progressive joint natural surface collapse process. The establishment of pathological model of avascular necrosis of the chicken experimental application of selective vessel ligation for femoral head necrosis, clinical treatment and research to establish a new animal model.
Materials and methods
Only 30 of three yellow chicken (experimental animal center of Zhengzhou University), male and female, weight 1.5-2.1kg, the average 1.8kg. were randomly divided into two groups, 25 rats in group A, randomly selected one side femoral head for surgical incision, ligation of femoral arteries around the ligamentum capitis femoris and cut off the 5 rats in group.B, only surgical incision, no blocking blood vessels and round ligament at 2,4,8,12 weeks after operation were killed, out of the femoral head specimens were observed, and tissue sections, staining, pathological observation, to understand the situation of the necrosis of femoral head.
Result
Two weeks after surgery, the femoral head slightly pale, a section of bone marrow edema at.4 weeks, the articular surface is rough, empty bone lacuna increased trabecular derangement. After 8 weeks, the articular surface pale, rough, dull, a large number of empty bone lacuna, empty bone lacuna rate was 75-90%.12 weeks of femoral head slightly flattened, trabecular bone thinning, disorder, partial disintegration into pieces, subchondral fracture increased.
conclusion
The animal model of avascular necrosis of the femoral head can be established by selective vascular ligation, which provides a new animal model for the study of the treatment of human femoral head necrosis.

【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R681.8;R-332

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