兔骨坏死与骨质疏松组织病理学变化的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 10:16

本文关键词： 骨坏死骨质疏松病理相关性　出处：《遵义医学院》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 目的：建立骨质疏松和骨坏死的大白兔模型,比较骨坏死与骨质疏松病理学变化的异同点,进一步探讨骨质疏松与骨坏死两者的相互关系及相关机制。方法：取32只3月龄雌性新西兰大白兔,随机分成4组即A组(肌注激素组,8只。)B组(去势组,8只。)C组(去势+肌注激素组,8只。)D组(空白对照组：假手术+肌注生理盐水组,8只。)B、C两组动物取下腹部正中切口,完整切除双侧卵巢,A、D两组除未行卵巢结扎切除外,其余步骤同B、C两组。术中甲硝唑冲洗腹腔,术后所有动物每周臀肌注射一次青霉素10万U/kg。手术1周后A、C两组动物予臀肌注射氢化可的松7.5mg/kg,每周两次,B、D两组动物予等量生理盐水臀肌注射。分别在给药后5周、10周后行骨密度(BMD)检测,并处死4只,取双侧股骨头,行HE染色、油红O染色及扫描电镜检测。结果：A组、B组和C组在术后5周腰椎BMD(单位mg/cm2)较术前(246±19 vs 269±13、256±22 vs 269±13、236±22 vs 273±16)及D组同时期(272±19)均减低,术后10周腰椎BMD较术前(221±13 vs 269±13、222±18 vs 269±13、185±11 vs 273±16)及D组同时期(263±23)均明显减低(P0.05)。A组、B组和C组术后5W股骨近端BMD较术前(256±20 vs 306±24、264±20 vs 306±21、236±46 vs 301±22)及D组同时期(305+23)均减低,术后10周股骨近端BMD(230±22 vs 306±24、230±17 vs 306±21、189±39 vs 301±22)及D组同时期(297±28)均明显减低(P0.05)。但只有C组术后10周的BMD小于术前及D组同时期BMD均值减去2.0SD(P0.05)。造模后5周,A、B、C三组空骨陷窝阳性率(%)较D组明显增高(15.20±1.09、14.13±1.05、18.53±0.67 vs10.40±0.97,P0.05)。A、B、C三组骨小梁可见不同程度的稀疏,部分断裂。造模后10周,A、B、C三组空骨陷窝阳性率较D组明显增高(22.43±0.78、21.20±1.19、26.78±1.21 vs 11.13±0.87,P0.05)。A、B、C三组股骨头成不同程度的骨髓腔内脂肪细胞增生,骨小梁稀疏变细,结构紊乱、断裂,空骨陷窝增多。D组股骨头骨小梁致密,骨陷窝内骨细胞形态正常,分布均匀,骨髓腔内脂肪细胞形态正常,含量适中。结论：通过去势及肌注激素建立了骨坏死与骨质疏松的动物模型,在早期两个疾病具有相似的病理学改变,但也有不同之处,骨质疏松的发生主要是由于影响了成骨细胞和破骨细胞的活性及二者的平衡；骨坏死的发生由脂肪细胞的增生、骨细胞脂肪变性起主导作用。为进一步讨论骨坏死与骨质疏松的发病相关性及调控机制具有重要的理论和实践意义。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish a rabbit model of osteoporosis and osteonecrosis and compare the pathological changes of osteonecrosis and osteoporosis. Methods: 32 3-month-old female New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A (group A). There were 8 rats in group B (8 rats in castrated group, 8 rats in group C) (8 rats in castrated group and 8 rats in group D) (control group: sham operation group: 8 rats were injected with normal saline). In group C, the median incision was taken from the lower abdomen, and the bilateral ovary was removed completely. The other steps were the same as that in group C except for no ovarian ligation. Metronidazole was used to wash the abdominal cavity during the operation. All the animals were injected with penicillin 100,000 U / kg once a week after operation. After one week of operation, the animals in group A and C were injected with hydrocortisone 7.5 mg / kg twice a week. The animals in group D were injected with the same amount of normal saline gluteus muscle. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured 5 weeks and 10 weeks after administration, and 4 animals were killed. The femoral heads were taken from both sides and stained with HE. Results BMD (unit mg / cm ~ 2) of lumbar vertebrae in group B and C was 246 卤19 vs 269 卤13 at 5 weeks after operation. 256 卤22 vs 269 卤13,236 卤22 vs 273 卤16) and D group at the same time (272 卤19). Lumbar BMD at 10 weeks after operation was significantly higher than that before operation (221 卤13 vs 269 卤13,222 卤18 vs 269 卤13). 185 卤11 vs 273 卤16) and group D (263 卤23) were significantly lower than those in group A (P 0.05). The BMD of proximal femur in group B and group C was significantly higher than that in group B and group C at 5W after operation compared with that before operation (256 卤20 vs 306 卤24,264 卤20 vs 306 卤21). The BMD(230 of proximal femur was decreased 10 weeks after operation (BMD(230 卤22 vs 306 卤24 in group D and in group D at the same time) (236 卤46 vs 301 卤22). 230 卤17 vs 306 卤21. 189 卤39 vs 301 卤22) and group D (297 卤28) were significantly lower than those in group D (P 0.05). Only 10 weeks after operation in group C, BMD was lower than that in group D and before operation, and the mean value of BMD was less than 2.0 SDP 0.05g before operation and at the same time in group D, and 5 weeks after modeling. The positive rate of empty bone lacuna in group C was 15.20 卤1.09 卤14.13 卤1.05 higher than that in group D. 18.53 卤0. 67 vs10.40 卤0. 97 vs10.40 卤0. 97 P0. 05. The bone trabeculae of the three groups were sparse and partially fractured in varying degrees. 10 weeks after modeling, the bone trabeculae of the three groups were found to be sparse and partially ruptured. The positive rate of empty bone lacuna in group C was significantly higher than that in group D (22.43 卤0.78 卤21.20 卤1.19 卤26.78 卤1.21 vs 11.13 卤0.87). The femoral head in group P0.05, A, B, C had various degrees of proliferation of adipocytes, thinning of bone trabeculae, disordered structure, fracture and dense trabeculae of femoral head in group D. The morphology of bone cells in bone lacuna was normal, the distribution of bone cells was uniform, and the adipocytes in medullary cavity were normal and the content was moderate. Conclusion: the animal model of osteonecrosis and osteoporosis was established by castration and hormone injection. In the early stage, the two diseases have similar pathological changes, but there are also differences. The occurrence of osteoporosis is mainly due to the influence of osteoblast and osteoclast activity and the balance between them. Osteonecrosis is mainly caused by the proliferation of adipocytes and steatosis of osteocytes. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to further discuss the relationship between osteonecrosis and osteoporosis and its regulatory mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：遵义医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R361.2

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