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寒冷对大鼠学习记忆影响及其机制的研究

发布时间:2018-01-20 19:33

  本文关键词: 寒冷 海马 ATP cold(寒冷) hippocampus(海马) ATP(腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸) 出处:《第四军医大学》2010年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


【摘要】: 人体在自然或人工冷环境中活动或作业时,如果环境冷强度超过了人体耐受限度,轻则降低体力和脑力作业效率,诱发或加重某些病症,重则导致机体损伤。寒冷所致的损伤统称为冻伤。在战争期间,冻伤是冬季战争中非战斗减员的重要因素。在某些冬季战例中,部队冻伤与战伤人数之比高达1:1~1:1.27.因此,研究寒冷环境对军队战斗力的影响是十分必要的。 寒冷能够引起人体内分泌系统;循环和呼吸系统;泌尿系统,能量代谢方面的损害。冷暴露时,易发生体温过低,即使未发生体温过低,对脑功能也有一定影响。如冷漠,易激动,注意力不集中,作业错误率增多,反应时间延长等。提示冷暴露可以影响脑功能,但其具体机制目前尚不完全清楚。 寒冷暴露时脑功能的调节对于寒冷的适应能力起着至关重要的作用。海马是学习、记忆等高级神经活动的重要部位,同时需要大量供能来维持其功能,ERK是重要的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,它的底物包括转录因子、组蛋白、细胞内其他重要的激酶以及K+通道等。这些物质都是细胞内的重要组成成分,是学习记忆形成过程中必不可少的。本实验采用-15℃的低温暴露,观察寒冷应激对大鼠学习记忆的影响以及海马ATP含量的变化,以及ERK分子表达的变化,以进一步阐明寒冷应激对学习记忆的损伤机制。 【方法】 以-15℃,6h冷暴露方法建立冷暴露大鼠模型;Y迷宫方法检测寒冷暴露对大鼠学习记忆的影响;用HE染色方法观察寒冷暴露对大鼠海马的病理学改变;使用ATP检测试剂盒检测寒冷暴露后大鼠海马中ATP含量;Western blot检测海马组织AKT,ERK信号分子的表达。 【结果】 1.Y迷宫结果显示:SD大鼠寒冷暴露6小时后,相对于对照组而言,6小时寒冷暴露后大鼠的正确反应次数显著减少(p㩳0.05),在总反应时间上显著增加(p㩳0.05) 2.大鼠海马HE染色结果显示:与对照组相比,6h寒冷暴露组细胞增殖数目减少 3.ATP含量检测结果显示:寒冷暴露后,与对照组相比,SD大鼠海马ATP含量在6小时呈现显著下降(p㩳0.05) 4.Western blot结果显示:寒冷应激后,大鼠海马ERK、AKT磷酸化水平明显降低 【结论】 寒冷暴露可引大鼠学习记忆下降,提示长时间寒冷暴露可以引起大鼠学习记忆损害,并可导致海马形态结构损伤;冷暴露可诱导海马ATP含量的降低,提示长时间冷暴露可引起海马能量代谢水平下降;蛋白AKT、ERK表达水平降低提示可能与ATP减少有关。
[Abstract]:When the human body is active or working in the natural or artificial cold environment, if the cold intensity of the environment exceeds the tolerance limit of human body, it will reduce the efficiency of physical and mental work, and induce or aggravate some diseases. The damage caused by cold is generally referred to as frostbite. During the war, frostbite is an important factor of non-combat attrition in winter war. In some winter cases. The ratio of frostbite to battle wound is as high as 1: 1: 1: 1.27.Therefore, it is necessary to study the influence of cold environment on army combat effectiveness. Cold can cause endocrine system; Circulatory and respiratory systems; Urinary system, energy metabolism damage. Cold exposure, prone to hypothermia, even if not hypothermia, also have a certain impact on brain function. It is suggested that cold exposure can affect brain function, but its mechanism is not completely clear. The regulation of brain function during cold exposure plays an important role in cold adaptation. Hippocampus is an important part of advanced neural activities such as learning and memory and needs a large amount of energy to maintain its function. ERK is an important serine / threonine protein kinase. Its substrates include transcription factors, histone, other important kinases and K channels in cells. In this experiment, the effects of cold stress on learning and memory and the changes of ATP content in hippocampus of rats were observed by low temperature exposure at -15 鈩,

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