犬舌骨上、下肌群的肌电生理研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 14:36

本文选题：舌骨上肌群　切入点：舌骨下肌群　出处：《广西医科大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 目的:对犬的舌骨上肌群(二腹肌前腹、二腹肌后腹、茎突舌骨肌、下颌舌骨肌和颏舌骨肌)和舌骨下肌群(胸骨舌骨肌、胸骨甲状肌、甲状舌骨肌)与喉内肌(环杓侧肌和环杓后肌)进行平静呼吸、吞咽及发音状态下同步肌电图的研究,以挑选出与环杓侧肌、环杓后肌的肌电特征相似的喉外肌。方法:13只犬进行呼吸、吞咽及发音时的同步肌电图检查,包括收缩峰电压、收缩时程、动作电位振幅、动作电位时程,其中5只犬进行舌骨上肌群和下肌群同步肌电比较,并分析喉肌肌电与喉功能的关系。结果:(1)平静呼吸时二腹肌前腹、二腹肌后腹、茎突舌骨肌、下颌舌骨肌、颏舌骨肌、胸骨舌骨肌、胸骨甲状肌和环杓后肌在吸气相放电,甲状舌骨肌和环杓侧肌在呼气相放电。深呼吸时诸肌放电强度增加。吸气时颏舌骨肌肌电波形、波幅、时限、强度与环杓后肌同步且最为相似。呼气时甲状舌骨肌肌电波形、波幅、时限、强度与环杓侧肌同步且最为相似。 (2)吞咽时二腹肌前腹、二腹肌后腹、茎突舌骨肌、下颌舌骨肌、颏舌骨肌、甲状舌骨肌和环杓侧肌呈同步性密集型放电。吞咽时环杓后肌肌电抑制,吞咽间歇期可见肌电位发放。胸骨舌骨肌和胸骨甲状肌无明显肌电活动。吞咽时颏舌骨肌、下颌舌骨肌、甲状舌骨肌肌电波形、波幅、时限、强度均与环杓侧肌同步且相似。 (3)发音时二腹肌前腹、二腹肌后腹、胸骨舌骨肌、胸骨甲状肌、甲状舌骨肌和环杓侧肌呈同步性密集型放电,环杓后肌在发音过程中持续放电,动作电位出现时间较迟。茎突舌骨肌和颏舌骨肌无明显肌电活动。发音时下颌舌骨肌和甲状舌骨肌肌电波形、波幅、时限、强度均与环杓侧纪嗤角蚁嗨啤? 结论:(1)发音时下颌舌骨肌和甲状舌骨肌肌电波形、波幅、时限、强度均与环杓侧肌同步且相似,二者可作为重建声门内收功能的备选肌肉。 (2)吸气时颏舌骨肌和胸骨甲状肌肌电波形、波幅、时限、强度均与环杓后肌同步且相似,颏舌骨肌和胸骨甲状肌可作为重建声带外展功能的备选肌肉。 (3)呼气时甲状舌骨肌肌电波形、波幅、时限、强度均与环杓侧肌同步且相似,甲状舌骨肌可作为重建声门内收功能的备选肌肉。 (4)吞咽时下颌舌骨肌和甲状舌骨肌肌电波形、波幅、时限、强度均与环杓侧肌同步且相似,二者可作为重建声门内收功能的备选肌肉。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the superior hyoid muscle group (anterior abdomen, posterior abdomen, stylohyoid muscle, mandibular hyoid muscle and geniohyoid muscle) and subhyoid muscle group (sternohyoid muscle, sternum thyroid muscle) in dogs. Thyrohyoid muscle) and internal laryngeal muscle (cricoarytenoid muscle and posterior cricoarytenoid muscle) were studied by synchronous electromyography in swallowing and pronunciation to select the extralaryngeal muscle which is similar to the cricoarytenoid muscle and the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. Methods Thirteen dogs were examined by synchronous electromyography during breathing, swallowing and pronunciation, including peak voltage, duration of contraction, amplitude of action potential, duration of action potential, and time course of action potential. The synchronous electromyography of superior hyoid muscle group and inferior muscle group were compared in 5 dogs. The relationship between laryngeal myoelectric activity and laryngeal function was analyzed. Results the anterior abdomen, posterior abdomen, stylohyoid muscle, mandibular hyoid muscle, geniohyoid muscle, sternohyoid muscle, sternum thyroid muscle and posterior cricoarytenoid muscle were discharges in inspiratory phase. The myohyoid and cricoarytenoid muscles discharge in the expiratory phase. The intensity of the discharges of the muscles increases during deep breathing. The electric waves, amplitude, duration and intensity of the genioglohyoid muscles are synchronized with and most similar to those of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles. The amplitude, duration, and intensity of the muscle were in sync with and most similar to those of the cricoarytenoid muscle. 2) during swallowing, the anterior abdomen of the bicentral muscle, the posterior abdomen of the bicentric muscle, the stylohyoid muscle, the mandibular hyoid muscle, the geniohyoid muscle, the thyroid hyoid muscle and the cricoarytenoid muscle showed synchronous and intensive discharges. There was no obvious myoelectric activity in sternohyoid muscle and sternum thyroid muscle. The electromyoelectric activity of geniohyoid muscle, mandibular hyoid muscle and thyrohyoid muscle was similar to that of cricoarytenoid muscle during swallowing. 3) the anterior abdomen of the bicentric muscle, the posterior abdomen of the bicentric muscle, the sternohyoid muscle, the sternum thyroid muscle, the thyrohyoid muscle and the cricoarytenoid muscle showed synchronous and intensive discharge, and the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle continued to discharge during the process of pronunciation. The action potential appeared late. There was no electromyoelectric activity in the styloid hyoid muscle and geniohyoid muscle. The electric wave shape, amplitude, duration, intensity of the mandibular hyoid muscle and the thyroid hyoid muscle were all higher than those of the annular dipper. Conclusion the radio wave shape, amplitude, duration and intensity of the mandibular hyoid muscle and the thyroid hyoid muscle are similar to those of the cricoarytenoid muscle. They can be used as alternative muscles for the reconstruction of glottic adductive function. (2) in inspiratory period, geniohyoid muscle and sternum thyroid muscle were similar to those of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle in wave shape, amplitude, duration and intensity. Geniohyoid muscle and sternum thyroid muscle could be used as alternative muscles for reconstruction of vocal cord abduction function. 3) the myohyoid muscle of thyroid hyoid on exhalation is similar to that of cricoarytenoid muscle in wave shape, amplitude, duration and intensity. The thyroid hyoid muscle can be used as alternative muscle to reconstruct the adductive function of glottis. (4) the electric wave shape, amplitude, duration and intensity of mandibular hyoid muscle and thyroid hyoid muscle were similar to those of cricoarytenoid muscle during swallowing. They could be used as alternative muscles for reconstruction of glottic adductive function.
【学位授予单位】：广西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R33

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