小鼠多潜能成体干细胞生物学特性及向树突状细胞分化的研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 17:30

本文选题：多潜能干细胞 + 间充质干细胞　；参考：《中国协和医科大学》2008年博士论文

【摘要】： 越来越多的研究发现成体干细胞具有跨系甚至跨胚层分化的特性，即成体干细胞具有可塑性，而对于可塑性的原因和机制，目前更多的学者认为在成体组织中可能存在着原始的多潜能干细胞，我们命名为胚胎后亚全能干细胞。对于亚全能干细胞的分离与鉴定不论对于基础研究还是临床应用都具有非常重要的意义和不可低估的价值。本文的第一部分，是从小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞中成功分离出一群原始的Sca-1~((+))CD117~((-))Lin~((-))多潜能干细胞，对于其生物学特性进行了全面而细致的研究。发现该细胞群表达胚胎干细胞相关的转录因子，具有朝三胚层细胞分化的能力，并且拥有免疫调节性能。在体实验表明该细胞群能够延长异基因来源的皮肤移植物的存活时间，皮肤烧伤实验证明其能够显著促进皮肤损伤的愈合。我们的实验为胚胎后亚全能干细胞在体内的存在提供了进一步的支持证据，丰富了成体干细胞可塑性的基本理论。第二部分目的是考察Sca-1~((+))CD117~((-))Lin~((-))多潜能干细胞是否能够在体外朝造血细胞分化。使用合适的诱导条件，我们诱导Sca-1~((+))CD117~((-))Lin~((-))分化为具有免疫调节功能的树突状细胞，对于分化而来的树突状细胞我们详细的考察了其生物学特性。进一步发现，这些树突状细胞通过Notch-Jagged信号通路的调节而发挥免疫抑制的效应。提示这类诱导的树突状细胞有可能在临床上具有治疗免疫相关性疾病的前景。
[Abstract]:More and more studies have found that adult stem cells have multi lineage differentiation and the characteristics of the adult stem cell plasticity, and the causes and mechanisms of plasticity, more scholars think there might be primitive pluripotent stem cells in adult tissues, we named pluripotent stem cell embryos for pluripotent stem cell isolation and identification is very important for both basic research and clinical application significance and the value cannot be underestimated.
The first part of this paper, from mouse embryonic fibroblasts isolated from a group of original Sca-1~ ((+)) CD117~ ((-)) Lin~ ((-)) are multipotent stem cells, for its biological characteristics were studied carefully. The cells expressed in embryonic stem cell transcription factor the ability of cell differentiation toward the three germ layers, and have immunomodulatory properties. In vivo experiments showed that the skin cells can prolong allogeneic sources of allograft survival, skin burn experiments prove that it can significantly promote the healing of skin injury. Our experiments for pluripotent stem cells provide supporting evidence further in vivo embryo, enrich the basic theory of adult stem cell plasticity. The second part is to study the Sca-1~ ((+)) CD117~ ((-)) Lin~ ((-)) are multipotent stem cells in vitro in hematopoietic cells can divide . use the induction of appropriate conditions, we induced Sca-1~ ((+)) CD117~ ((-)) Lin~ ((-)) differentiate into immune function of dendritic cells, and dendritic cells for differentiation to our detailed study of its biological characteristics. Further found that these dendritic cells by regulating Notch-Jagged signaling and play effects of immune suppression. Suggesting that these dendritic cells induced by treatment of immune related diseases may have the prospect in clinic.

【学位授予单位】：中国协和医科大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R329

【共引文献】