应用Micro CT骨板厚度解剖学研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 16:11

本文选题：显微CT扫描 + 骨板厚度　；参考：《滨州医学院》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：实验目的：利用高分辨率Micro CT对上、下颌骨进行扫描,通过三维成像利用计算机软件确定测量位点从而进行解剖学测量,研究根尖至颊侧和舌、腭侧骨板距离,进一步建立相关解剖数据库,为临床医师提供临床操作的理论依据,减少术前术中并发症的发生,推进牙种植技术以及其他口腔手术更好的应用于临床。观察Micro CT三维成像效果,促进Micro CT在基础研究和临床上的应用。实验方法： 1)材料：上下颌骨标本,所有材料标本保持牙齿结构完整和完整的上下颌骨结构,颌骨没有病理性的吸收和缺损,所得上、下颌骨标本由福尔马林液浸泡保存。实验过程中没有任何解剖结构的破坏,并由同一人员完成相关操作。 2)方法：运用Micro CT(Skyscan1072, SKYSCAN, Antwerpen, Belgium)对上下颌骨进行扫描,部位牙颈部至根尖,层厚间距14μm,将获得的影像通过Minics8.1软件进行拟合,再利用逆向工程软件建立三维断面图像。应用软件测量所有根尖至颊、舌侧骨板的厚度。实验结果： 1)上颌：上颌前牙区除第一前磨牙腭根之外其余的牙根尖至颊侧骨皮质的距离均小于3mm,尤其是切牙与尖牙均在2mm之内(表1)。上颌磨牙区腭侧根尖至腭侧骨板的距离明显的小于腭侧根尖至颊侧骨板的距离,根尖手术时可考虑腭侧入路(表2)。在上颌颊侧根中,颊侧牙根尖至颊侧骨板的距离由前牙至后牙呈递增趋势,最薄厚度为女性第一前磨牙1.08 mm,最厚为第二磨牙融合根情况5.76mm。 2)下颌：整体来看,下颌骨颊侧骨板较上颌骨厚。前牙部位颊侧骨板的距离在1.53mm至2.98mm之间。下颌磨牙区唯一有舌侧根的为下颌第一磨牙,且舌侧根尖至颊侧骨板的距离大于其他颊侧根尖至颊侧骨板的距离,距离最大为7.91mm(男性)和7.43mm(女性)。女性牙根尖至颊侧骨板的距离相对比男性的较近,但差异并无统计学意义。 3) Micro CT扫描所得图像及经重建所得三维图像均显示出清晰的成像效果。利用图像处理软件进行根尖至颊、舌侧骨板的厚度测量结果准确可靠、快速。实验结论： 1) Micro CT是一种快速、准确、无破坏内部结构的有效评价方法。可以很好的应用于口腔基础研究和临床。 2)实验所得根尖至颊侧、舌侧、腭侧骨板厚度的解剖学测量结果将为口腔临床医师更好开展牙种植技术提供更多准确的信息,提高口腔颌面外科其他相关手术的成功率,有助于进一步建立相关解剖数据库。
[Abstract]:Objective: The maxillary and mandibular bones were scanned by high-resolution Micro CT. The site of measurement was determined by computer software, and the distance from the root tip to the buccal side, the tongue and the palatal bone plate was studied. Further establish the related anatomical database for clinicians to provide a theoretical basis for clinical operations to reduce the incidence of intraoperative complications promote dental implant technology and other oral surgery is better used in clinical. To observe the three-dimensional imaging effect of Micro CT and to promote the application of Micro CT in basic research and clinic. Experimental methods: 1) Materials: the maxillary and mandibular bones were preserved in formalin solution. The maxillary bone was preserved in formalin solution, and the maxillary bone was preserved in formalin solution. There was no destruction of the anatomical structure during the experiment, and the operation was performed by the same person. 2) methods: the maxillary and mandibular bones were scanned by Micro CTS Skyscan1072 and SKYSCAN, Antwerpen, Belgium). The teeth were located from the neck to the apex with a thickness distance of 14 渭 m. The obtained images were fitted by Minics8.1 software, and the 3D cross-sectional images were established by reverse engineering software. The thickness of bone plate of all root tip to buccal and lingual side was measured by software. Experimental results: 1) maxilla: the distance from the root tip to the buccal bone cortex of the maxillary anterior teeth except the first premolar palatal root was less than 3 mm, especially the incisor and canine teeth were within 2mm (Table 1). The distance between the palatine tip and the palatine bone plate in the maxillary molar region was obviously smaller than that between the palatine tip and the buccal bone plate, and the palatine approach could be considered during the apical operation (Table 2). In the maxillary buccal lateral root, the distance between the root tip of the buccal tooth and the buccal bone plate showed an increasing trend from the anterior tooth to the posterior tooth. The thinnest thickness was 1.08 mm for the female first premolar and 5.76 mm for the fused root of the second molar. 2) mandible: as a whole, the mandibular buccal bone plate is thicker than the maxillary bone. The distance of the buccal bone plate in anterior teeth was between 1.53mm and 2.98mm. The first mandibular molar was the only one with lingual lateral root, and the distance between the lingual root tip and the buccal bone plate was greater than that between the other buccal apex and buccal bone plate, the maximum distance was 7.91 mm (male) and 7.43 mm (female). The distance from the root tip to the buccal bone plate of female was closer than that of male, but the difference was not statistically significant. 3) the Micro CT images and the reconstructed 3D images show a clear imaging effect. The thickness of bone plate from root tip to cheek and tongue was measured by image processing software. The experimental conclusions are as follows: 1) Micro CT is a fast, accurate and effective method for evaluating internal structure. It can be used in oral basic research and clinic. 2) the anatomical measurement of the thickness of bone plate from the root tip to the buccal side, the lingual side and the palatal side will provide more accurate information for the dental clinicians to carry out dental implant technology and improve the success rate of other related operations in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It is helpful to further establish the related anatomical database.
【学位授予单位】：滨州医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：R816.8;R322

【引证文献】