复杂心室组织电生理建模与心肌缺血折返波仿真研究

发布时间：2018-08-04 20:30

【摘要】： 心脏是人体的重要器官,心脏疾病严重威胁着人类的健康,因此,对心脏生理机能的研究越来越受到人们的关注。传统的研究手段通常是借助于动物实验的方法。但是这些方法不仅周期长、代价高、危险性大,往往难以得到令人满意的结果。而且动物心脏和人体心脏在大小,心率,细胞动作电位的形状、时程等方面都存在很大差异,因此动物实验得到的结果也不能直接推广到人体。而随着计算机技术的飞速发展以及数学建模知识的不断进步,利用计算机进行仿真实验和研究则可以很好地解决这些问题。它不仅能够仿真心脏的兴奋传播过程,而且能够仿真心脏各种病变的内在生理机制,在临床诊断和药物研制上有很高的应用价值。基于真实的左心室解剖数据和人体心室细胞模型,本文采用有限差分法构建二维左心室网格模型,并仿真了组织内心肌细胞正常和异常时电压的传播情况。在此模型基础上深入研究了心肌缺血导致心律失常的内在机制。主要研究内容如下: 首先,基于最新的人体心室肌细胞TNNP模型,应用实验室提供的三维人体心脏数据,构建了左心室切片的二维网格模型,并且按照TNNP模型的要求,将左心室切片按心肌方向,从内到外分为三层。通过在不同层次的心肌细胞上加刺激,仿真出了正常组织内的心电传播过程。其次,基于构建的左心室切片模型,通过设置缺血程度及缺血面积,建立了心肌缺血模型。仿真出了折返波在不同缺血症状下的传播情况,通过对比折返波在正常组织以及在不同缺血症状下的形态,对心肌缺血导致心律失常的内在机制做了相应的解释。
[Abstract]:Heart is an important organ of human body. Heart disease is a serious threat to human health. The traditional means of research are usually by means of animal experiments. However, these methods are not only long period, high cost, high risk, often difficult to obtain satisfactory results. Moreover, there are great differences between animal heart and human heart in size, heart rate, shape and duration of cellular action potential, so the results of animal experiments can not be directly extended to human body. With the rapid development of computer technology and the continuous progress of mathematical modeling knowledge, computer simulation experiments and research can solve these problems well. It can not only simulate the heart excitatory transmission process, but also simulate the physiological mechanism of various heart diseases. It has high application value in clinical diagnosis and drug development. Based on the real left ventricular anatomical data and human ventricular cell model, a two-dimensional left ventricular grid model was constructed by finite difference method, and the propagation of voltage in normal and abnormal cardiac myocytes was simulated. Based on this model, the mechanism of arrhythmia caused by myocardial ischemia was studied. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, based on the latest TNNP model of human ventricular myocytes, a two-dimensional grid model of left ventricular slices is constructed based on the three-dimensional human heart data provided by the laboratory. According to the requirements of TNNP model, the left ventricular sections were divided into three layers according to the direction of myocardium. The electrocardiogram in normal tissue was simulated by stimulation of different levels of cardiomyocytes. Secondly, the myocardial ischemia model was established by setting the ischemic degree and the ischemic area based on the left ventricular slice model. The propagation of reentrant wave in different ischemic symptoms was simulated and the internal mechanism of arrhythmia caused by myocardial ischemia was explained by comparing the morphology of reentrant wave in normal tissue and under different ischemic symptoms.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R331

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