非血管化输送盘牵张成骨动物模型的建立及组织学研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 12:08

【摘要】： 目的:通过建立非血管化输送盘牵张成骨的动物模型,对成骨区新骨的组织及组织学形态进行观察,研究非血管化输送盘牵张成骨过程中新骨生成方式及其影响因素,进一步探讨牵张成骨的成骨机理,为其临床应用提供理论和实验依据。方法:8只狗为实验对象,建立自尖牙远中向后30mm的下颌骨缺损动物模型,术中切断并结扎下牙槽神经血管束。于体外的截取骨断上,截取大小为20mm的骨块做输送盘,将其放入缺损骨断远中,安置好牵张器,以1mm/次/天的速度与频率牵张修复下颌骨缺损。一部分动物在牵张的不同时期给予盐酸四环素标记。分别于牵张结束后固定1周、2周、4周、12周处死动物,进行大体、X线及组织学研究。结果:所有实验动物均成功地完成了牵张成骨手术。大体及组织学研究发现牵张区新骨组织为完整的膜内成骨,成骨方向从边缘骨膜到牵张间隙中央,成骨过程为新生与改建并存,舌侧成骨速度与质量优于颊侧。结论:本实验在国内外首次成功地建立了非血管化输送盘牵张成骨的动物模型,为临床上下颌骨缺损的修复和重建提供了一个新的方法。非血管化输送盘牵张的新骨形成方式为完整的膜内成骨,这与带有骨膜的血管化输送盘牵张的成骨方式一致,但与传统理论的解释不一致。另外,骨膜在剥离后的再附着能力比较强,附着后对功能影响不大,临床上不必强调避免剥离舌侧骨膜。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish an animal model of distraction osteogenesis with a non-vascularized transport disc and observe the histological and histological morphology of the new bone in the osteoblasts, and to study the new bone formation and its influencing factors during the distraction osteogenesis of the non-vascularized transport disc. To further explore the osteogenic mechanism of distraction osteogenesis, to provide theoretical and experimental basis for its clinical application. Methods 8 dogs were used as experimental subjects to establish a mandibular defect model with distal and backward 30mm. The inferior alveolar nerve and vascular bundle was severed and ligated during the operation. After the osteotomy in vitro, the bone mass of 20mm was cut off as a transport disc, and placed in the distal part of the defect bone, then the distractor was placed, and the mandibular defect was repaired with the speed and frequency of the 1mm/ day distraction. Some animals were labeled with tetracycline hydrochloride at different stages of distraction. The animals were sacrificed at 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after distraction, and the gross X-ray and histology were studied. Results: distraction osteogenesis was successfully performed in all experimental animals. Gross and histological studies showed that the new bone tissue in the distraction region was intact intramembrane osteogenesis, the direction of osteogenesis was from the periperiosteal margin to the center of the distraction space, the process of osteogenesis was coexisting with regeneration and remodeling, and the speed and quality of lingual osteogenesis were superior to those of the buccal side. Conclusion: this experiment successfully established the animal model of distraction osteogenesis of non-vascularized transport disc at home and abroad, which provides a new method for the repair and reconstruction of mandibular defects. The new bone formation mode of non-vascularized transport disc is complete intramembranous osteogenesis, which is consistent with that of vascularized transport disc with periosteum, but it is inconsistent with the explanation of traditional theory. In addition, the ability of the periosteum to reattach after exfoliation is relatively strong, and the function of the periosteum is not affected after attachment, so it is not necessary to stress avoiding the exfoliation of the lingual periosteum clinically.
【学位授予单位】：广西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：R78;R-332

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