生物反馈训练效率及模式的实验研究
发布时间：2018-10-17 22:25
【摘要】： 伴随着“生物-社会-心理”医学模式的出现,上世纪三十年代产生了生物反馈治疗,它是应用现代科学技术将平时人们意识不到的人体生物信号,如脑电、肌电、皮电、心率、血压等,转变为人们可以觉察到的信号,如听觉、视觉信息,训练者根据这些信号学习在一定范围内有意识的调控内脏器官的活动,纠正偏离正常的内脏器官活动的治疗和训练方法。 生物反馈的原理主要有三个:系统论、操作性条件反射、信息论和控制论,它们主要是在逻辑上对生物反馈进行了解释。它的发展大致可分为三个阶段:第一阶段是上世纪六十年代以前,研究者实现了人对单个或多个运动单元失活、激活的控制;第二个阶段是上个世纪六十年代到九十年代,发现了自主神经系统的操作性条件反射理论,奠定生物反馈治疗内脏疾病的理论基础,建立了生物反馈的专业组织;第三个阶段是上世纪九十年代到现在,由于脑电专家发现不同频率的脑电波的数量,与人的意识、情绪高度相关,出现了神经生物反馈,研究者也开始在神经生理的基础上探讨生物反馈的具体作用机制。 现在生物反馈已经广泛的运用于临床,它的有效性也得到多方的证实。但是它的训练效率在很大程度上依赖于生物反馈训练师的专业水平和病人的暗示能力。如何改进生物反馈训练模式来提高训练效率还值得进一步的研究。 本研究运用最常用的生物反馈放松训练,对其单次训练过程进行分析,比较采用脑电(electroencephalogram,EEG)、肌电(electromyogram,EMG)、皮电(galvanic skin response,GSR)信号进行生物反馈放松训练和音乐放松过程中脑电а波相对功率、肌电、皮电的变化,对如何改进训练模式提高生物反馈效率进行初步的探讨。实验对16名健康被试首先进行音乐放松30分钟,然后按随机顺序采用脑电、肌电、皮电各进行生物反馈放松训练30分钟。实验过程中运用Spirit-32生物反馈仪记录脑电а波相对功率、肌电、皮电并分析。 实验发现脑电а波相对功率在脑电、肌电、皮电生物反馈放松训练中上升幅度比音乐放松明显(t=-4.589、-3.087、-3.187 P0.05)。皮电在脑电、皮电生物反馈放松训练中下降幅度比音乐放松明显(t=-3.954、-2.582 P0.05)。音乐放松、各种生物反馈放松训练使脑电а波相对功率(肌电、皮电)随时间变化的趋势不同,F=2.083(1.773、3.939),P0.05。这种生理信号在上下波动中趋向训练目标的变化可能是生物反馈放松训练中全或无的反馈方式和自我奖励的知觉反馈所导致。在以后的生物反馈的训练中,建议根据病人的基础生理指标设定“域值”。在“域值”范围内,随着被试的生理信号实际变化,给予连续的声音或图像的感觉反馈。本研究是国内首个针对提高单次生物反馈训练效率的研究,并发现了感觉生物反馈和知觉生物反馈的分类。
[Abstract]:With the emergence of "bio- social-psychological" medical model, biofeedback therapy was produced in the 1930s. It is the application of modern science and technology to the human body biological signals, such as EEG, EMG, dermatoglyphics, etc. Heart rate, blood pressure, etc., turn into signals that people can detect, such as auditory and visual information, according to which trainers learn to consciously regulate the activities of internal organs to a certain extent. Methods of treatment and training to correct deviations from normal visceral organ activity. There are three main principles of biofeedback: system theory, operational conditioned reflex, information theory and cybernetics, which mainly explain biofeedback logically. Its development can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage was before the 1960s, when researchers realized human control over the inactivation and activation of single or more moving units; the second stage was from the 1960s to the 1990s. Found the operational conditioned reflex theory of autonomic nervous system, laid the theoretical foundation for biofeedback treatment of visceral diseases, and established a professional organization of biofeedback. The third stage was from the 1990s to the present. As EEG experts find that the number of different frequencies of brain waves is highly related to human consciousness and emotion, neurobiofeedback appears. Researchers have also begun to explore the specific mechanism of biofeedback on the basis of neurophysiology. Now biofeedback has been widely used in clinical practice, and its effectiveness has also been confirmed by many. But its training efficiency depends largely on the biofeedback trainer's professional level and patient's hinting ability. How to improve the biofeedback training mode to improve the training efficiency is worth further study. In this study, the most commonly used biofeedback relaxation training was used to analyze the single training process, and to compare the relative power of EEG wave in the process of biofeedback relaxation training and music relaxation by using the signals of electroencephalogram,EEG, electromyogram,EMG and (galvanic skin response,GSR. The changes of electromyography and skin electricity, how to improve the training mode to improve the biofeedback efficiency were discussed. Sixteen healthy subjects were given music relaxation for 30 minutes and then biofeedback relaxation training for 30 minutes in random order. Spirit-32 biofeedback instrument was used to record and analyze the relative power, myoelectric and cutaneous electrical activity of EEG wave. It was found that the relative power of EEG wave was significantly higher in EEG, EMG, and EC biofeedback relaxation training than in music relaxation (tr -4.589- 3.087U -3.187 P0.05). The decrease of skin electrical activity in EEG and biofeedback relaxation training was more significant than that in music relaxation (t = 3.954U -2.582 P 0.05). Music relaxation and various biofeedback relaxation exercises made the relative power of EEG wave (myoelectric, cutaneous electric) vary with time, FN 2.083 (1.773m3.939), P0.05. The tendency of this physiological signal to the training target during the up-and-down fluctuation may be the result of the complete or no feedback mode in the biofeedback relaxation training and the perceptual feedback of self-reward. In the later biofeedback training, it is suggested to set the "domain value" according to the patient's basic physiological index. In the range of "domain value", the sensory feedback of continuous sound or image was given with the actual changes of physiological signals. This study is the first study in China to improve the efficiency of single biofeedback training, and found the classification of sensory biofeedback and perceptual biofeedback.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R395.1
本文编号：2278217
[Abstract]:With the emergence of "bio- social-psychological" medical model, biofeedback therapy was produced in the 1930s. It is the application of modern science and technology to the human body biological signals, such as EEG, EMG, dermatoglyphics, etc. Heart rate, blood pressure, etc., turn into signals that people can detect, such as auditory and visual information, according to which trainers learn to consciously regulate the activities of internal organs to a certain extent. Methods of treatment and training to correct deviations from normal visceral organ activity. There are three main principles of biofeedback: system theory, operational conditioned reflex, information theory and cybernetics, which mainly explain biofeedback logically. Its development can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage was before the 1960s, when researchers realized human control over the inactivation and activation of single or more moving units; the second stage was from the 1960s to the 1990s. Found the operational conditioned reflex theory of autonomic nervous system, laid the theoretical foundation for biofeedback treatment of visceral diseases, and established a professional organization of biofeedback. The third stage was from the 1990s to the present. As EEG experts find that the number of different frequencies of brain waves is highly related to human consciousness and emotion, neurobiofeedback appears. Researchers have also begun to explore the specific mechanism of biofeedback on the basis of neurophysiology. Now biofeedback has been widely used in clinical practice, and its effectiveness has also been confirmed by many. But its training efficiency depends largely on the biofeedback trainer's professional level and patient's hinting ability. How to improve the biofeedback training mode to improve the training efficiency is worth further study. In this study, the most commonly used biofeedback relaxation training was used to analyze the single training process, and to compare the relative power of EEG wave in the process of biofeedback relaxation training and music relaxation by using the signals of electroencephalogram,EEG, electromyogram,EMG and (galvanic skin response,GSR. The changes of electromyography and skin electricity, how to improve the training mode to improve the biofeedback efficiency were discussed. Sixteen healthy subjects were given music relaxation for 30 minutes and then biofeedback relaxation training for 30 minutes in random order. Spirit-32 biofeedback instrument was used to record and analyze the relative power, myoelectric and cutaneous electrical activity of EEG wave. It was found that the relative power of EEG wave was significantly higher in EEG, EMG, and EC biofeedback relaxation training than in music relaxation (tr -4.589- 3.087U -3.187 P0.05). The decrease of skin electrical activity in EEG and biofeedback relaxation training was more significant than that in music relaxation (t = 3.954U -2.582 P 0.05). Music relaxation and various biofeedback relaxation exercises made the relative power of EEG wave (myoelectric, cutaneous electric) vary with time, FN 2.083 (1.773m3.939), P0.05. The tendency of this physiological signal to the training target during the up-and-down fluctuation may be the result of the complete or no feedback mode in the biofeedback relaxation training and the perceptual feedback of self-reward. In the later biofeedback training, it is suggested to set the "domain value" according to the patient's basic physiological index. In the range of "domain value", the sensory feedback of continuous sound or image was given with the actual changes of physiological signals. This study is the first study in China to improve the efficiency of single biofeedback training, and found the classification of sensory biofeedback and perceptual biofeedback.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R395.1
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 王智;董蕊;张伟;;不同反馈形式的生物反馈和音乐放松训练对生理反应和心理指标的影响[J];体育科学;2010年04期
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 董超;生物反馈技术对抑郁发作亚临床状态的干预研究[D];成都中医药大学;2012年
2 靳攀;四川省优秀跳高运动员备战南昌城运会心理建设的应用研究[D];成都体育学院;2012年
，本文编号：2278217
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/shiyanyixue/2278217.html
最近更新
教材专著
