人类大脑结构和功能的性别差异:来自脑成像研究的证据

发布时间：2018-11-06 20:36

【摘要】：大脑的性别差异近年来受到了广泛关注。脑成像技术的出现为脑结构和脑功能性别差异的研究开辟了新的道路。借助结构磁共振成像和弥散张量成像等脑结构信息,以及脑电图、正电子发射断层扫描技术和功能性磁共振成像等脑功能信息,当前研究主要探讨了脑灰质、脑白质和大脑的基线活动在脑局部区域、脑子系统、全脑连接组三个层次上的性别差异及其在年龄上的发展变化。此外,为了更好地理解脑性别差异,当前文章还探讨了脑性别差异研究领域的一些认识误区。有关脑性别差异的研究虽然已经取得了丰富的成果,但现有的研究结果存在很多分歧,仍然有深入挖掘的空间。未来应该加强对具有性别特异性的心理疾病脑机制的研究,关注基因和环境对脑性别差异的交互作用,并利用脑功能活动动态变化的特性、以及结合多模态的脑成像技术进一步阐明脑性别差异。
[Abstract]:Gender differences in the brain have received widespread attention in recent years. The emergence of brain imaging technology opens up a new way for the study of gender difference in brain structure and function. With the help of brain structure information such as structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffuse Zhang Liang imaging, as well as brain functional information such as electroencephalogram, positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging, current studies have focused on gray matter. The baseline activity of the white matter and brain in the local brain region, the brain system, the whole brain junction group at the three levels of gender differences and changes in age. In addition, in order to better understand the brain gender difference, the present paper also discusses some misunderstanding in the field of brain gender difference research. Although the research on brain gender difference has made a lot of achievements, but there are many differences in the existing research results, there is still room for further exploration. In the future, we should strengthen the study of the brain mechanism of gender-specific psychological disease, pay attention to the interaction of gene and environment to the gender difference of brain, and take advantage of the characteristics of dynamic change of brain function activity. And the multi-modal brain imaging technology to further clarify the gender difference in brain.
【作者单位】：认知与人格教育部重点实验室(西南大学);西南大学心理学部;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31200857) 国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDB016)资助
【分类号】：R338

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