中美初中阶段化学教科书中科学探究活动的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 03:29

本文关键词：中美初中阶段化学教科书中科学探究活动的比较研究　出处：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科学和人类生活的关系日益密切,公民的科学素养的水平高低已经成为影响一个国家的综合国力和国际竞争力的重要因素之一。如何提高全体公民的科学素养已经成为了各国科学教育改革的重中之重,很多国家提出将科学探究作为提高全体公民的科学素养的突破口。20世纪80年代后,在美国的影响下,我国以及其他一些国家对科学探究给予了高度重视并颁布了一系列政策性的文件。美国在20世纪末提出将“作为探究的科学”作为科学学习的内容标准,并被作为学习的核心环节。教科书作为课程标准的具体表现形式,是课程目标与课程理念的直接体现。近年来关于化学教科书中呈现科学探究活动的研究热点主要集中体现在化学教科书中科学探究活动设置的理论研究、科学探究在课堂中的体现、不同版本化学教科书之间科学探究活动的比较三个方面。研究选取美国初中阶段主流理科教材《科学探索者》第六分册《化学反应》、第七分册《物质构成》与我国人民教育出版社2012年出版的《义务教育课程标准实验教科书化学(九年级上、下册)》作为研究对象,采用文本分析法和比较分析法,对两个版本基于初中阶段的教科书中有关科学探究活动设置、类型以及水平等进行研究。在此基础上,选取相应案例进行了详细的剖析。由于《科学探索者》这套教材中囊括了多个学科,其综合性很强,课程融合度也很高,两国在文化背景以及教育理念上也不尽相同,所以其差异性也较大……。正是因为如此,此项研究将会对我们的教材编写以及化学教学实施提供一些借鉴。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and human life increasingly close relationship, the citizen's scientific literacy level has become one of the important factors affecting a country's comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness. How to improve the scientific literacy of all citizens has become a priority among priorities of the national science education reform, many countries put forward the scientific inquiry as to improve all citizens the scientific literacy of the breakthrough.20 century after 80s, under the influence of the United States, China and other countries to pay more attention to scientific inquiry and issued a series of policy documents. The United States will "science as inquiry" as the content standard of science learning is proposed at the end of twentieth Century, and as a core part of the specific forms of learning. Textbooks as the curriculum standards, is the direct embodiment of the curriculum goal and curriculum. In recent years on the chemistry textbook Present research focus of scientific inquiry activities mainly concentrated in theoretical research in chemistry textbooks set of scientific inquiry activities reflect the scientific inquiry is reflected in the classroom, between different versions of the chemistry textbook of scientific inquiry activity three aspects. Study of American middle school science textbook mainstream science Explorer < > sixth < > seventh volumes of chemical reaction. < > and material composition: Chinese people's Education Press published in 2012 the "compulsory education curriculum standard chemistry experiment textbook (grade nine, > 2) as the research object, using the method of text analysis and comparative analysis, the two versions of the junior middle school textbooks in the scientific inquiry activities based on the setting, research type and level. On this basis, the paper selects the corresponding case. The < > Science Explorer of this set of textbooks include multiple disciplines, Because of its strong comprehensiveness and high degree of curriculum integration, the two countries have different cultural backgrounds and educational ideas, so their differences are also great. That's why this research will provide some references for our textbook compilation and chemical teaching implementation.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.8

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