关于高中化学教材必修二化学史内容分析极其素材库的建设

发布时间：2018-04-16 05:01

本文选题：化学史 + 化学教学　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：英国的一位历史学家卡尔在他的一本书中曾对历史做过如下的解释,历史是我们现在所处的社会与过去的人们所在的社会之间的对话。要正确理解曾经,我们需要借助现在；同样的,我们要正确理解现在,亦需要借助过去。在化学教学中,教师亦可借助化学史帮学生理解化学知识。我国已经有很多学者进行过化学史的相关研究,研究表明：记录人类在探索自然、追求真理的道路上奋斗历程的化学史,对于帮助学生培养科学思想、形成科学思路、锻炼科学精神有极大的好处,是十分珍贵的教学素材。在本论文中,笔者想通过自己的力量,为化学史的教学提供一些理论、更多的是实践支持,笔者从帮助学生深入正确地理解化学知识的角度分别对三个版本的高中化学必修二教材中的化学史内容进行了统计分析,分析发现,高中化学教材中化学史涉及内容丰富,但大多数都介绍较为简略,教师要利用化学史教学,利用化学史帮助学生深入理解化学知识,需要自身对化学史有准确的把握,这就需要教师大量阅读并分析化学史,从丰富的化学史中提取出与自己本节课的教育目标一致的化学史内容。但是一线的教师课业相对繁重,没有足够的时间和精力搜集整理化学史素材。所以本研究的主要目的就是选择化学教师在教学工作中可能需要的化学史素材并整理出来,并以章节的形式进行编辑,方便教师查找选择。本论文的研究主要分为三部分：一、对高中化学三个版本必修二教材的化学史内容进行了统计并从帮助学生理解化学知识的角度对其进行了分析。二、以建构主义理论、结构主义理论以及有意义学习理论为依据,在了解高中生的认知规律的基础上,在全面了解新课标理念下化学史的教育价值的基础上,针对高中化学必修二建立一个关于化学史的素材库,该素材库以章节内容为依托,收集更加全面的化学史资料,重现或再现化学发展过程中的历史片段及相关事物,展示化学家揭开化学现象背后的规律所进行的思维活动和所采用的科学方法。三、对于不同的化学课程的教学目标所对应的化学史素材的选择提出了自己的一点建议。
[Abstract]:In one of his books, Karl Carr, an English historian, once explained history as a dialogue between the society in which we live and the society in which the people of the past live.In order to understand the past correctly, we need the help of the present; similarly, we need to understand the present correctly and through the past.In chemistry teaching, teachers can also help students understand chemistry knowledge with the help of chemistry history.There are many scholars in our country who have done some research on the history of chemistry. The research shows that recording the history of chemistry in the way of exploring nature and pursuing truth can help students cultivate scientific thought and form scientific thinking.Training the scientific spirit has great benefits and is a very precious teaching material.In this paper, the author wants to provide some theory for the teaching of chemical history through his own strength, more practical support,From the angle of helping students to understand chemical knowledge correctly, the author makes a statistical analysis of the contents of chemistry history in three versions of the two required textbooks of senior high school chemistry, and finds that there are abundant contents in chemistry history in senior high school chemistry textbooks.However, most of the introductions are relatively simple. Teachers need to make use of the history of chemistry to teach, to help students to understand chemical knowledge in depth, and to have an accurate grasp of the history of chemistry, which requires teachers to read and analyze the history of chemistry in a large amount.The contents of the history of chemistry are extracted from the rich history of chemistry, which are consistent with the educational objectives of this class.But the first-line teachers work relatively heavy, there is not enough time and energy to collect and collate the history of chemistry materials.Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to select the chemical history materials that the chemistry teachers may need in the teaching work and arrange them out, and edit them in the form of chapters, so as to facilitate the teachers to find and choose.The research of this thesis is divided into three parts: first, the contents of the chemistry history of the three versions of the required two textbooks in senior high school chemistry are statistically analyzed and analyzed from the angle of helping students understand the chemistry knowledge.Secondly, on the basis of constructivism theory, structuralism theory and meaningful learning theory, on the basis of understanding the cognitive law of high school students and the educational value of chemistry history under the new curriculum standard,In view of the senior high school chemistry compulsory 2, we set up a material bank about chemistry history, which is based on the content of chapter, collect more comprehensive chemical history data, reproduce or reproduce the historical fragments and related things in the process of chemistry development.Demonstrate the thinking activities and scientific methods used by chemists to uncover the laws behind chemical phenomena.Thirdly, some suggestions are put forward for the choice of the materials of chemistry history corresponding to the teaching objectives of different chemistry courses.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.8

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