基于APOS理论的中学化学概念教学研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 08:50

本文选题：APOS理论 + 化学概念教学　；参考：《天水师范学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：化学概念是化学知识的核心内容,它的教学效果不仅影响学生学习化学的兴趣,而且还关系到化学知识体系的构建和化学学科观念的形成等方面。传统的化学概念教学,只注重知识传授和解题能力,很少在教学中创设活动和培养学生化学学科观念。APOS理论包含活动(Action)、过程(Process)、对象(Object)和图式(Scheme)四个阶段,注重教学活动设计,强调以学生活动为主体,让学生在参与教师精心设计的课堂活动后,主动建构概念,形成自己内在的知识体系。该理论已在数学概念教学中有了较为成熟的应用,但在化学教学中研究的人较少,本研究拟将APOS理论运用在化学概念教学中,探讨其可行性和有效性。首先,本人在研读化学新课标和查阅有关APOS理论在数学概念教学中的研究、应用等文献的基础上,对成县一中的教师和学生就有关中学化学概念教学现状进行了访谈和问卷调查,发现应用APOS理论进行化学概念教学设计符合新课程教学理念,也是教师和学生所期待的一种教学模式。其次,结合中学化学概念的分类:实体概念、定义概念和抽象概念,分别依据APOS理论设计了中学化学概念授课过程案例,旨在引导学生主动参与化学概念的建构,提升学业水平和培养化学学科观念。最后,本人建议在化学概念教学中:以生活实例展现授课内容,注重培养化学价值观;以教材整合提升创新意识,注重增强学科观念的渗透力;以理论指导教学实践,注重科学素养的全面性;以活动参与拉近师生距离,注重提高自身综合素质。
[Abstract]:The concept of chemistry is the core content of chemical knowledge. Its teaching effect not only affects the interest of students in learning chemistry, but also relates to the construction of chemical knowledge system and the formation of concept of chemistry subject. In traditional chemistry concept teaching, only knowledge teaching and problem-solving ability are paid attention to, and few students' chemistry subject concept. APOS theory includes four stages: activity, process, object and scheme. it pays more attention to teaching activity design. It emphasizes taking student activities as the main body, allowing students to actively construct concepts and form their own internal knowledge system after participating in the classroom activities carefully designed by teachers. The theory has been applied to the teaching of mathematical concepts, but few people have studied it in chemistry teaching. This study intends to apply APOS theory to the teaching of chemistry concepts to explore its feasibility and effectiveness. First of all, on the basis of studying the new chemistry curriculum and consulting the literature on the research and application of APOS theory in mathematics concept teaching, The teachers and students of Chengxian No. 1 Middle School were interviewed and investigated on the current situation of chemistry concept teaching in middle school. It was found that the application of APOS theory to the design of chemistry concept teaching conforms to the new curriculum teaching idea. It is also a kind of teaching mode that teachers and students expect. Secondly, combining with the classification of middle school chemistry concepts: entity concept, definition concept and abstract concept, the paper designs the teaching process case of middle school chemistry concept according to APOS theory, in order to guide students to participate actively in the construction of chemistry concept. Improve the academic level and cultivate the concept of chemistry. Finally, I suggest that in the chemistry concept teaching, we should show the teaching content with the example of life, pay attention to the cultivation of the chemical values, promote the innovative consciousness with the integration of the teaching materials, pay attention to the permeability of the subject concept, guide the teaching practice with the theory. Pay attention to the comprehensiveness of scientific accomplishment, draw closer the distance between teachers and students by participating in activities, and pay attention to improving their own comprehensive quality.
【学位授予单位】：天水师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.8

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