中学校园欺凌行为预防策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 22:35

本文选题：校园欺凌 + 学校教育　；参考：《河南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,校园欺凌事件愈演愈烈,我们从各种渠道上都能看到校园欺凌的影子,频发于中小学阶段的校园欺凌由于其手段残忍恶劣、侮辱性极强而不断刺痛着大众的神经。受欺凌学生无力反抗,只能任由欺凌者恣意凌辱,若稍有反抗就会遭致更严厉的报复,加之欺凌事件的围观者往往会拍摄欺凌视频并将视频传到网络上引起他人围观,这样就会对受欺凌者造成二次伤害,使受欺凌者长期生活在巨大的心理阴影之下,久而久之就容易产生多种心理问题,影响其身心健康发展。而欺凌者采取的扇耳光、扯头发、用脚踹、强迫下跪等形式极大地满足了自身支配他人的扭曲心态,若是不加以及时制止,终究会走向违法犯罪的道路。面对如此严峻的校园欺凌事件,我们不应当只停留于愤慨的地步,更要去研究这种现象,分析它的特点和危害,找出背后深层次的原因,并探索出行之有效的预防治理策略。本文归纳了国内外专家学者关于欺凌行为的定义,分析了校园欺凌的一般特点:欺凌事件存在的普遍性、持续时间的长期性、欺凌行为的隐蔽性、欺凌手段和形式的多样性、欺凌呈现团伙化趋势以及欺凌者和受欺凌者双方力量对比的差异性。论文在此基础上分析了校园欺凌行为造成的社会危害,在分析危害时从受欺凌者、欺凌者、欺凌事件的旁观者、校园安全环境和社会环境这五个角度进行了分门别类的分析。本文进而分析了校园欺凌形成的原因,主要从社会、家庭、学校以及学生个体四个维度进行探究,社会的失范、多元价值观对学生思想的冲击、国家的相关法律规范不够健全,家庭暴力的渲染、家长教育方式不得当,学校应试教育的重压、允许择校的教育体制结构不合理以及学校德育工作成效不明显,这些都是校园欺凌发生的外在原因。然而,外因总是通过内因产生作用,我们同样不能忽视校园欺凌的内在原因,即学生自身因素的影响。本文的最后一部分是针对校园欺凌现象的存在和产生的原因,从中学思想政治课教师的角度指出政治教师应当充分利用自身课堂教学优势,联系教材教学内容,寓学生品德教育于课堂教学过程中,发挥自身人格魅力感染学生,组织学生积极参与班级文化建设,营造班级文化氛围,充分利用学生所喜爱的新媒体来弘扬、传播社会正能量,力图消除负面因素的影响,履行自己的教育使命做家访,引导学生家长树立正确的教育观念,实现家庭教育与学校教育的良性互动,努力与社会、家庭、学校联起手来构建四位一体的防治策略,形成有效的教育合力。
[Abstract]:At present, campus bullying is becoming more and more serious. We can see the shadow of campus bullying from all kinds of channels. Because of its cruel and abominable means, the bullying in the middle and primary schools is constantly stabbing the nerves of the public. Bullied students, unable to resist, are left to abuse bullies at will, to be subjected to harsher retaliation if they do so, and bullied bystanders tend to shoot bullied videos and post them to the Internet to cause others to watch. This will cause twice harm to the bullied person, make the bullied person live under the huge psychological shadow for a long time, and easily produce many kinds of psychological problems over time, and affect their physical and mental health development. The bullies' slapping, pulling their hair, kicking their feet and forcing themselves to kneel have greatly satisfied their distorted mentality of dominating others. If they are not stopped in time, they will eventually go to the path of illegal crime. In the face of such a severe bullying incident on campus, we should not only stop at the stage of indignation, but also study this phenomenon, analyze its characteristics and harm, find out the deep-seated reasons behind it, and explore effective prevention and treatment strategies. This paper summarizes the definition of bullying behavior by experts and scholars at home and abroad, and analyzes the general characteristics of bullying on campus: the universality of bullying events, the long-term duration of bullying, the concealment of bullying behavior, the diversity of bullying means and forms. Bullying shows a trend of gang formation and the difference between bullies and bullies. On this basis, the paper analyzes the social harm caused by bullying on campus, and analyzes the harm from five aspects: the bullied person, the bystander of the bullying event, the campus safety environment and the social environment. This paper then analyzes the reasons for the formation of campus bullying, mainly from the social, family, school and student individual four dimensions to explore, the social anomie, the impact of multiple values on students' thinking, the country's relevant legal norms are not perfect. The exaggeration of domestic violence, the improper way of parents' education, the heavy pressure of school examination-oriented education, the unreasonable structure of educational system that allows the choice of school and the inconspicuous effect of moral education in school are all the external reasons for the occurrence of bullying on campus. However, external factors always play a role through internal factors, so we can not ignore the internal causes of campus bullying, that is, the influence of students' own factors. In the last part of this paper, the author points out that the political teachers should make full use of their own advantages in classroom teaching and contact the teaching contents of teaching materials in view of the existence and causes of bullying on campus. In the process of classroom teaching, students' moral education should be used to influence students, to organize students to participate in class culture construction, to create class culture atmosphere, and to make full use of new media that students like to carry forward. Spreading positive social energy, trying to eliminate the influence of negative factors, carrying out their own educational mission to make home visits, guiding students' parents to establish a correct educational concept, realizing the positive interaction between family education and school education, and striving to make efforts with the society and the family, Schools join hands to build a four-in-one prevention strategy to form an effective educational force.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G636

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