基于叙事学的中国四大名著教学现状及其对策建议研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 02:04

本文选题：叙事学 + 四大名著教学　；参考：《天水师范学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国四大名著作为文学瑰宝,蕴涵着丰富的民族文化和民族精神,彰显了中国古代文学的艺术魅力。伴随着对经典名著阅读意识的增强,对四大名著的教学也成为了小说阅读教学中的重要内容。各版本高中语文教材中,无论是必修还是选修或是读本,都将四大名著放入到了学生的视野内,并作为重要的学习内容。《普通高中语文课程标准(实验)》中明确提出要求学生阅读经典名著,增强文学修养。初中和高中的语文课标在“附录”部分建议学生对四大名著进行整本书的阅读。2016年9月13日颁布的《中国学生发展核心素养》中要求学生具备人文底蕴和学会学习的素养。同时,语文核心素养对学生的语言、思维、审美、文化四个维度提出了更高的要求。只有通过语文课程的学习,研读经典著作,才能帮助学生更高地提升自身素养。因此,如何提高四大名著的教学质量,解决学生阅读四大名著过程中出现的问题是一项重要课题。通过学生和教师两个层面的调查,明确中国四大名著教学中存在的问题。学生层面上存在阅读意愿不很强烈、阅读行为不很规范、阅读效果不很理想的问题,教师层面存在课堂教学效果不很明显、课外指导不十分系统的问题。叙事学作为揭示叙事作品内部规律的理论,将其运用于四大名著教学中,优化教师的教学内容、教学模式,有效帮助学生更好地阅读四大名著。以叙事学为立足点,为中国四大名著教学问题提供解决对策。教师运用叙述视角理论,引导学生透彻赏析人物形象,进而激发学生的阅读兴趣;运用叙事时间理论,引导学生深入分析小说写法,进而优化学生的阅读方法;运用叙述声音理论,引导学生准确揭示作者情感,进而引导学生领会作者意图;运用叙事结构理论,引导学生清晰诠释深层意蕴,进而发展学生的思维深度。通过将叙事学与教学实践有效结合,帮助教师更好地“教”,学生更好地“学”。提升教师教学质量,为四大名著的教学探索出新的道路。帮助学生在课堂中获得能力与素养,并能够将其调动到课外进行四大名著整本书的阅读,使学生终生受益。
[Abstract]:As a treasure of literature, the four famous works of China contain rich national culture and national spirit, and show the artistic charm of ancient Chinese literature. Along with the enhancement of the reading consciousness of the classic masterpieces, the teaching of the four masterpieces has become an important content in the reading teaching of novels. In all versions of high school Chinese teaching materials, whether they are compulsory, optional or reading books, the four masterpieces are put into the eyes of the students. As an important learning content, the Chinese Curriculum Standard of General Senior High School (experiment) clearly requires students to read classic masterpieces and strengthen literary accomplishment. The Chinese curriculum of junior high school and senior high school is listed in the appendix which suggests that students should read the whole book of the four masterpieces. The "Core Literacy of Chinese students' Development" issued on September 13, 2016 requires students to have humanistic background and learning literacy. At the same time, the core accomplishment of Chinese puts forward higher requirements on the four dimensions of language, thinking, aesthetics and culture. Only through the study of Chinese courses, reading classics, can help students to improve their own literacy. Therefore, how to improve the teaching quality of the four masterpieces and solve the problems in the process of reading the four masterpieces is an important subject. Through the investigation of students and teachers, the problems in the teaching of the four famous works in China are clarified. At the level of students, there are some problems, such as reading intention is not very strong, reading behavior is not very standard, reading effect is not very ideal, and teachers have some problems such as classroom teaching effect is not obvious, extracurricular instruction is not very systematic. Narratology, as a theory to reveal the internal laws of narrative works, is applied to the teaching of the four famous works, to optimize the teaching content and teaching mode of teachers, and to help students to read the four masterpieces better. Taking narratology as a foothold, it provides solutions to the teaching problems of four famous works in China. Teachers use the theory of narrative perspective to guide the students to appreciate the characters thoroughly and arouse the students' interest in reading, use the theory of narrative time to guide the students to analyze the writing methods of novels in depth, and then optimize the students' reading methods. By using the theory of narrative sound, the author can be guided to reveal the emotion of the author accurately, and then to understand the intention of the author, and the theory of narrative structure will be used to guide the students to clearly interpret the deep meaning and develop the depth of the students' thinking. Through the effective combination of narratology and teaching practice, it helps teachers to teach better and students to learn better. To improve the teaching quality of teachers and explore a new way for the teaching of the four famous works. To help students acquire competence and accomplishment in class, and to transfer them to the outside for the reading of the four masterpieces of the whole book, which will benefit students throughout their lives.
【学位授予单位】：天水师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3

【参考文献】