“学材化”视角下人教版高中语文教材的助学系统研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 12:14

【摘要】：助学系统作为教材的一个有机组成部分,在语文教材中越来越具有举足轻重的作用,助学系统不仅仅是教师所“教”和学生所“学”的内容的直接呈现,它还是教师“怎么教”和学生“怎么学”的重要依据,是沟通教和学的重要桥梁,是“教的操作手册”和“学的行动指南”。因此,对助学系统展开研究是十分必要的。本论文的研究范围是现行人教版高中语文必修教材,这套教材由教育部2004年初审通过,直到今日,仍被广大的师生共同使用。研究对象是该套教材中的助学系统,主要包括:单元说明、课下注释、课文插图、课后作业和课后附录。研究视角是“学材化”,“学材化”于20世纪80年代在日本首先兴起,该概念强调教材的编制和使用要以学生为本,要注意引导学生的自学,要注意培养学生的自学能力。这一概念的滥觞就为教材编制和使用的改革提供了新的理论和实践依据。笔者之所以将本论文的研究视角定为“学材化”,是因为教材“学材化”的实现必须借助于助学系统,助学系统是教材“学材化”的有力支架,二者在本质上是相同的:目的在于引导和指导学生的学习,让学生的学习逐渐成为一个自主、自觉的过程,改变学生由于受到长期的教育“压迫性”影响所造成的“失身”和“失声”的尴尬境地。本论文的核心内容主要包括五个部分:绪论部分主要阐述了本论文的研究目的、意义和研究现状,以及本论文的研究思路和方法。第一章首先反思了造成我国教育长期“压迫性”影响的历史渊源和历史实践,反思的目的在于建构,建构一种新的教育观、教材观,以期实现从“教材”到“学材”的转变,而这一转变在教材的编制和使用上需以助学系统为依托,这也就确定了本论文的研究视角和立论基础。第二章在第一章的立论基础上,反思“学材化”视角下现有助学系统的缺陷,主要从助学系统的编写和使用两方面加以论述,其缺陷有:一、助学系统编写的“学本”功能缺失;二、助学系统教学实践的“强制灌输”。第三章在第二章的反思基础上,提出现有助学系统的相应优化措施,也主要从助学系统的编写和使用两方面给出笔者的建议:一、助学系统编写者的设计改良;二、助学系统执行者的实践优化。最后一部分为本论文的结语。
[Abstract]:As an organic part of teaching materials, assistive learning system plays a more and more important role in Chinese teaching materials. It is not only the direct presentation of the contents of teachers' and students'"learning". It is also an important basis for teachers "how to teach" and students "how to learn", an important bridge for communication between teaching and learning, a manual for teaching operations and a guide for learning. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out research on the aid system. The research scope of this thesis is the current compulsory teaching material for senior high school Chinese, which was approved by the Ministry of Education in 2004. Up to now, it is still used jointly by teachers and students. The object of this study is the assistive system of the textbook, which mainly includes: unit description, notes under class, illustrations of the text, homework after class and appendix after class. The angle of view of the study is "learning material", which first rose in Japan in the 1980s. This concept emphasizes that the compilation and use of teaching materials should be student-oriented, should pay attention to guiding students' self-study, and should pay attention to cultivating students' self-study ability. The origin of this concept provides a new theoretical and practical basis for the reform of the compilation and use of teaching materials. The author defines the research angle of this paper as "learning material", because the realization of "learning material" must be based on the aid system, which is the powerful support of teaching material "learning material". The two are essentially the same: the purpose is to guide and guide the students' learning, and to make the students' learning gradually become an autonomous and conscious process. To change the embarrassing situation of "loss of body" and "loss of voice" caused by long-term education "oppressive" influence. The core content of this thesis mainly includes five parts: the introduction part mainly expounds the purpose, significance and research status of this paper, as well as the research ideas and methods of this paper. The first chapter first reflects on the historical origin and historical practice that caused the long-term "oppressive" influence of education in China. The purpose of the reflection is to construct and construct a new view of education and teaching material, in order to realize the change from "teaching material" to "learning material". And this change needs to rely on the aid system in the compilation and use of teaching materials, which determines the research perspective and theoretical basis of this paper. The second chapter, on the basis of the theory in the first chapter, reflects on the defects of the existing learning aid system from the perspective of "learning materials", mainly from the two aspects of the writing and use of the aid system, its defects are as follows: first, Second, compulsory indoctrination in teaching practice. The third chapter, on the basis of the second chapter's reflection, puts forward the corresponding optimization measures of the existing student aid system, and also gives the author's suggestions from the two aspects of the compiling and using of the aid system: first, the improvement of the writer's design of the aid system; second, the improvement of the author's design. Optimization of the practice of student aid system executors. The last part is the conclusion of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3

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