民国时期（1920-1949）中学国文教材中的新文学篇目的功能分析
发布时间：2018-07-25 09:31
【摘要】：本文以中国1920-1949年间的中学国文教材为切入点,研究新文学在当时中学教育中的接受情况。作为现代文学研究的媒介对象之一,中学国文教材与一般文学图书、杂志、报纸副刊等媒介相比更具重要性,因为它具有印量大、受众广,而且经过了教、学、考等多重接受程序因而接受效果非同一般等等特点,以此为切入点,可以更深入地了解当时中国新文学的社会接受情况。鉴于此,笔者以北京图书馆编写的《民国时期总书目·中小学教材》(1995年)为依据,依靠CADAL数字资源库,国家图书馆的馆藏等资源,对民国时期出版的中学国文教材进行了较为广泛地搜索,共搜集到90套国文教材。论文采用文本解读和数据统计的方法,对这90套中学国文教材进行了充分的考察,试图为中国现代文学研究提供一些较为客观的资料,同时力图矫正过去同类研究因为教材样本不足等原因而产生的结论的偏差。通过对教材的解读,如对教材编排体例、课文注解、思考和习题设置等的分析,来呈现新文学被处置的情况及其功能设定,通过数据统计来分析新文学篇目所承担的各项教育功能及其演变情况,并且以此为据探讨其背后所反映的时代、政治、观念等原因,这都将有助于人们更全面和更准确地看待新文学在民国时期中学教育中的真实存在情况,并且由此推知新文学在当时的一般社会接受维度及其效应。研究发现,新文学篇目在民国时期的国文教材中主要承担社会认知、思想道德教育等功能,而文学欣赏的功能并非重点。受当时的社会政治环境、国文教育理念、教育政策法规以及新文学自身发展进程等因素的影响,新文学在不同时段的教材中其教育功能设置的侧重点又有很大差异。具体而言,在20年代因受文学“新民”和以教育改造社会等学说的影响,教材中选用了大量反映社会问题的新文学作品,编选者试图以此来培养学生了解社会、认识社会,以便将来改造社会的意识和意愿。30年代,受日本侵华事件和国民党的党化教育政策、蒋介石的“四维八德”等文化复古主义思想的影响,具有民族主义、爱国主义色彩和传统伦理道德教育功能的新文学篇目在教材中数量激增,新文学的思想道德教育功能得到强调,并一直持续到抗战以后。而审美教育功能虽然是文学最本位的功能,在国文教材中却不得不常常为社会认知、思想道德教育等功能让位,长期居于次要地位。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the acceptance of new literature in middle school education at the time of 1920-1949 years in China. As one of the media objects of modern literature research, Chinese text textbooks in middle schools are more important than those of general literature books, magazines, and newspaper supplements. In view of this, the author, based on the "total bibliography of the Republic of China" (1995), relies on the CADAL digital resource base, and relies on the CADAL digital resource base. The collection and other resources of the home library have carried out a more extensive search for the Chinese textbooks published in the Republic of China during the period of the Republic of China. A total of 90 sets of national texts were collected. The paper made a full investigation of the 90 sets of Chinese textbooks by using text interpretation and data statistics, and tried to provide some more objective for the study of modern Chinese literature. At the same time, it tries to rectify the deviation of the conclusions caused by the lack of sample materials in the past. Through the analysis of the textbook, such as the arrangement of teaching materials, the annotation of text, thinking and the setting of exercises, this paper presents the situation and function setting of the new literature, and analyzes the text of the new literature through data statistics. All the educational functions and the evolution of the new literature will help people to look at the true existence of the new literature in the period of the Republic of China in the period of the Republic of China, and the general social acceptance of the new literature at that time. The study found that the text of the new literature mainly undertakes social cognition, ideological and moral education in the period of the Republic of China and the function of Ideological and moral education, and the function of literary appreciation is not the focus. The new literature is influenced by the social and political environment, the concept of national education, the education policy and the development process of the new literature. There are great differences in the emphasis of educational functions in different periods of time. Specifically, in 20s, a large number of new literary works reflecting social problems have been selected in the teaching materials because of the influence of the "new people" and the theory of education and transformation of society in 20s. In order to remould the consciousness and will of the society in the.30 years, influenced by the Japanese invasion of China and the party's party education policy of the Kuomintang, and the influence of Jiang Jieshi's "four dimensions and eight virtues", the new literature, which has nationalism, patriotism and traditional ethical and moral education, has increased in quantity and thought of the new literature. The function of moral education has been emphasized and continued until after the war of resistance. Although the function of aesthetic education is the most important function of literature, it often has to give way to social cognition, ideological and moral education and other functions in Chinese literature, and it has a secondary position for a long time.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3
本文编号：2143386
[Abstract]:This paper studies the acceptance of new literature in middle school education at the time of 1920-1949 years in China. As one of the media objects of modern literature research, Chinese text textbooks in middle schools are more important than those of general literature books, magazines, and newspaper supplements. In view of this, the author, based on the "total bibliography of the Republic of China" (1995), relies on the CADAL digital resource base, and relies on the CADAL digital resource base. The collection and other resources of the home library have carried out a more extensive search for the Chinese textbooks published in the Republic of China during the period of the Republic of China. A total of 90 sets of national texts were collected. The paper made a full investigation of the 90 sets of Chinese textbooks by using text interpretation and data statistics, and tried to provide some more objective for the study of modern Chinese literature. At the same time, it tries to rectify the deviation of the conclusions caused by the lack of sample materials in the past. Through the analysis of the textbook, such as the arrangement of teaching materials, the annotation of text, thinking and the setting of exercises, this paper presents the situation and function setting of the new literature, and analyzes the text of the new literature through data statistics. All the educational functions and the evolution of the new literature will help people to look at the true existence of the new literature in the period of the Republic of China in the period of the Republic of China, and the general social acceptance of the new literature at that time. The study found that the text of the new literature mainly undertakes social cognition, ideological and moral education in the period of the Republic of China and the function of Ideological and moral education, and the function of literary appreciation is not the focus. The new literature is influenced by the social and political environment, the concept of national education, the education policy and the development process of the new literature. There are great differences in the emphasis of educational functions in different periods of time. Specifically, in 20s, a large number of new literary works reflecting social problems have been selected in the teaching materials because of the influence of the "new people" and the theory of education and transformation of society in 20s. In order to remould the consciousness and will of the society in the.30 years, influenced by the Japanese invasion of China and the party's party education policy of the Kuomintang, and the influence of Jiang Jieshi's "four dimensions and eight virtues", the new literature, which has nationalism, patriotism and traditional ethical and moral education, has increased in quantity and thought of the new literature. The function of moral education has been emphasized and continued until after the war of resistance. Although the function of aesthetic education is the most important function of literature, it often has to give way to social cognition, ideological and moral education and other functions in Chinese literature, and it has a secondary position for a long time.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3
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