当前中学生思想品德教育中奖励问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 13:56

【摘要】：随着人本主义教育思潮逐渐兴起,奖励教育越来越受到重视。本文结合延安市F中学班级管理中的实际情况,对当前中学生思想品德教育中奖励状况进行分析研究,具有一定的现实意义。笔者在文中首先探讨了奖励的内涵、分类、特点和作用。提出了奖励的教育学解释、心理学解释和社会学解释;将奖励分为物质奖励、精神奖励、有形奖励和无形奖励等;探讨了奖励的目的性、功利性、针对性和导向性等特点;此外,还研究了奖励对学习动机、成就归因和创造力等方面的影响和作用。文章采用问卷调查的形式,研究了学校管理过程中思想品德教育奖励运用的现状,发现存在的问题有:奖励面过广;重物质奖励,轻精神奖励;奖励多围绕应试教育,以智育代替德育;学生品行评优机制不完善;受奖者未发挥榜样作用。在对中学生思想品德教育中奖励运用存在问题的原因进行分析时发现:奖励项目设置缺乏科学性;奖励过于功利化;受奖者常受奖;道德品行奖励设置缺乏多样性;对受奖者的跟踪回访和信息反馈机制不健全。由此,笔者认为运用奖励提升中学生思想品德教育水平,应主要加强以下几个方面:第一,科学设置评优,发挥德育奖励的典型示范效应;第二,规范教师对学生奖励的行为方式;第三,物质奖励和精神奖励并重;第四,注重以思想品德修养为主的奖励内涵;第五,完善回访和评价机制,营造健康和谐的教育环境。
[Abstract]:With the rise of humanism education trend, reward education is paid more and more attention. Combining with the actual situation in the class management of F middle school in Yan'an, this paper analyzes and studies the reward situation in the ideological and moral education of middle school students at present, which has certain practical significance. The author first discusses the connotation, classification, characteristics and function of reward. This paper puts forward the pedagogical explanation, psychological explanation and sociological explanation of the reward, classifies the reward into material reward, spiritual reward, tangible reward and intangible reward, and discusses the characteristics of the reward, such as purpose, utility, pertinence and guidance. In addition, the effects of rewards on learning motivation, achievement attribution and creativity are also studied. In the form of questionnaire, this paper studies the present situation of the application of moral education reward in the process of school management, and finds that there are some problems: the reward is too wide, the material reward is more important than the spiritual reward, and the reward mostly revolves around the exam-oriented education. The moral education is replaced by intellectual education, the mechanism of students' moral evaluation is not perfect, and the recipient does not play an exemplary role. In the analysis of the reasons for the problems in the application of rewards in the ideological and moral education of middle school students, it is found that the setting of reward items is not scientific, the reward is too utilitarian, the recipient is often awarded, the moral character reward is lack of diversity; The mechanism of follow-up visit and information feedback to the recipient is not perfect. Therefore, the author thinks that the use of rewards to improve the ideological and moral education of middle school students should mainly strengthen the following aspects: first, set up scientific evaluation, give play to the typical demonstration effect of moral education reward; second, Standardize teachers' behavior to reward students; third, pay equal attention to material reward and spiritual reward; fourth, pay attention to the connotation of reward based on ideological and moral cultivation; fifthly, improve the mechanism of return visit and evaluation to create a healthy and harmonious educational environment.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G631

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