我国中小学校园安全防控存在的问题及其完善对策

发布时间：2018-11-01 13:47

【摘要】：近年来,随着校园社会化进程的加速,各种因素交织、叠加,学校这片“最后的净土”也开始变得错综复杂起来。接连不断的校园安全事故给中小学生带来身心上的痛苦,给家庭带来了沉重的经济和精神负担,扰乱了学校教书育人的正常秩序,阻碍了“和谐社会”的发展进程。因此,如何遏制校园安全事故的发生,为青少年的成才成长营造一个和谐的学习、生活环境,于国于民都是一件有着重要意义的大事。本文立足于完善中小学校园安全防控的对策性研究,运用比较分析的方法,通过学习和借鉴国外校园安全防控建设的经验,对完善我国中小学校园安全防控提出尝试性的对策和建议。本文主要由五个部分组成:第一部分主要阐释研究的背景及目前国内外校园安全防控问题的研究现状。第二部分对完善中小学校园安全防控问题进行理论分析,通过对“校园安全”、“校园安全防控”等基本概念的界定帮助笔者比较准确的把握论文主题;其次,梳理了校园安全防控的相关理论,指出中小学校园安全防控建设具有为学生提供成长的安全环境、有利于构建“和谐校园”和促进社会主义和谐社会建设的重要意义。第三部分主要对目前我国中小学校园安全防控取得的成效、存在的问题及存在问题的原因进行分析。通过梳理,一方面总结出我国中小学校园安全防控建设的已有成效:校园安全防控法规政策不断出台、相关制度逐步落实、基本形成防控组织体系、专项整治收效显著。另一方面我国校园安全防控还存在法规体系不健全、协同网络不顺畅、信息反馈不及时、日常教育不到位的问题。透过这些问题可以看到其背后的原因在于校园安全防控意识薄弱、防控职责不明、防控投入有限以及防控监管不力。第四部分通过梳理国外校园安全防控建设的主要措施,归纳了国外校园安全防控的主要经验:校园安全问题法制化、管理制度各具特色、重视校园安全教育和演练、倡导多元参与。在比较分析国内外校园安全防控建设的相关措施后看到了我国与国外校园安全防控在校园安全立法、多元主体防控、安全教育落实、政府支持四个方面的差距。第五部分对完善我国中小学校园安全防控体系进行尝试性的探索,从政府、学校、家庭和社会四个层面提出相应的对策和建议:政府应该从完善法规体系、加大资金投入、强化监督力度和增强防控协作能力上做出努力。学校要严格落实安全管理措施、加强日常安全教育、提高应对突发事故的能力。每个家庭要认真履行监护义务,重视家庭安全教育。社会层面上可以充分发挥各类媒介的宣传作用、积极引入社会组织参与,凝聚全社会的力量共同为校园安全防控建设出力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of campus socialization process, various factors intertwined, superimposed, the school this "final land" also began to become intricate. One after another campus safety accidents bring physical and mental pain to primary and middle school students, bring heavy economic and spiritual burdens to families, disturb the normal order of teaching and educating people in schools, and hinder the development process of "harmonious society". Therefore, how to curb the occurrence of campus safety accidents and create a harmonious learning and living environment for the growth of young people is an important event of great significance to the country and the people. This paper is based on the countermeasure research of perfecting the campus safety prevention and control in primary and middle schools, applies the method of comparative analysis, through studying and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign campus safety prevention and control construction, Some tentative countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the campus safety prevention and control in primary and secondary schools in China. This paper consists of five parts: the first part mainly explains the background of the research and the current situation of campus safety prevention and control at home and abroad. The second part is the theoretical analysis on the improvement of campus safety prevention and control in primary and secondary schools. By defining the basic concepts of "campus safety" and "campus safety prevention and control", the author can grasp the theme of the thesis more accurately. Secondly, combing the relevant theories of campus safety prevention and control, the author points out that the construction of campus safety prevention and control in primary and secondary schools has the important significance of providing a safe environment for students to grow up, helping to build a "harmonious campus" and promoting the construction of a harmonious socialist society. The third part mainly analyzes the achievements, problems and causes of campus safety prevention and control in primary and secondary schools. Through combing, on the one hand summed up the existing achievements of campus safety prevention and control construction in China: campus safety prevention and control laws and regulations continue to be issued, related systems gradually implemented, the basic form of prevention and control organization system, the special regulation has achieved remarkable results. On the other hand, there are still some problems in campus safety prevention and control in our country, such as imperfect legal system, unsmooth cooperative network, untimely information feedback and inadequate daily education. Through these problems, we can see that the reasons behind these problems are the weak awareness of campus safety prevention and control, the unclear duty of prevention and control, the limited investment in prevention and control, and the weak supervision and control of prevention and control. The fourth part summarizes the main experiences of campus safety prevention and control in foreign countries by combing the main measures of campus safety prevention and control construction abroad: the campus safety issues are legalized, the management system has its own characteristics, and it attaches importance to campus safety education and exercise. Advocate multiple participation. After comparing and analyzing the relative measures of campus safety prevention and control construction at home and abroad, this paper finds out the gap between our country and foreign campus safety prevention and control in campus safety legislation, multi-subject prevention and control, safety education implementation, and government support. In the fifth part, the author tries to explore the system of campus safety prevention and control in primary and secondary schools in China, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from four levels of government, school, family and society: the government should improve the legal system and increase the investment of funds. Strengthen supervision and strengthen the ability of prevention and control to make efforts. Schools should strictly implement safety management measures, strengthen daily safety education, and improve their ability to deal with emergencies. Every family should conscientiously fulfill the duty of guardianship and attach importance to family safety education. On the social level, we can give full play to the propaganda role of all kinds of media, actively introduce the participation of social organizations, and unite the strength of the whole society to contribute to the construction of campus safety prevention and control.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G637.4

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