高中生地理图表阅读能力的培养研究

发布时间：2018-11-18 19:12

【摘要】：新课程改革提出要培养全面发展的高素质人才,力争改革以前繁难偏旧的以学生成绩为主要参考的旧课程标准,将素质教育全面推广,让学生不只是为成绩而学习,而是为着自己感兴趣的对社会有贡献的方向发展。我们为这样的改革感到高兴和骄傲,因为我们能够顺应学生的发展去培养学生的德智体美劳;同时,我们又遇到了最大的挑战,面临教育改革,最先改革的应该是教师自己。放眼国外教育,重视对孩子的感恩教育、实践教育,着重培养孩子的自主实践和创新能力,这些都是值得我们学习的。地理教育在素质教育推行下也开始注重地理素养的养成,在中学课堂中不仅要传授学生基本知识,还要培养情感态度和适用于生活的能力。其中,在各种能力中占重要地位的是地理图表阅读能力,掌握图表阅读能力,便能较好理解图表表达的知识,利于对常识的理解和方法的领悟。国内外地理教育中对学生地图阅读的培养研究也很多,特别是美国的培养不拘泥于做题和考试,而是开展学生兴趣浓厚的竞赛,自主实践探索等,鼓励了学生的地理学习,达到了真正的素质教育;国内,中学地理老师对于地理图表阅读能力培养也非常重视,尝试了各种培养方式。力求借助新教育模式、发展的互联网等去帮助学生把握地理图表阅读能力。本文紧跟现代地理教育步伐,研究如何培养高中生地理图表阅读能力,全文分为六部分:第一部分,叙述选题的背景和意义、选题的国内外研究动向、研究的思路和方法等;第二部分,相关概念的界定和基础理论知识的阐述。主要以新课改为背景解释地理图表阅读能力、分类及构成。第三部分,调查教师对高中生的地理图表阅读能力的培养现状,制作了对教师的访谈问题和对学生的调查问卷,旨在通过对教师的教和学生的学中了解高中地理图表阅读能力的培养方法和效果,分析数据后提出教育教学中的不足和错误。第四部分,根据教学经验从教师、家庭、学生三方面提出提高地理图表阅读能力的培养措施。着重提出改变教学手段和结合某一类教学内容进行的培养措施。第五部分,本文从现在较热点的“自然灾害与防治”这一小角度入手,运用教学案例分析如果提高中学生的地理图表阅读能力。第六部分,研究的不足和展望。
[Abstract]:The new curriculum reform proposes that we should train high-quality talents with all-round development, strive to reform the old curriculum standards, which were difficult and difficult for us to regard students' achievements as the main reference, and promote quality education in an all-round way, so that students will not only learn for the sake of achievement. But for their own interest in the direction of contribution to society. We are happy and proud of this reform, because we can adapt to the development of students to cultivate students' moral, intellectual, physical and labor. At the same time, we have encountered the greatest challenge, facing the education reform, the first reform should be teachers themselves. Looking at foreign education, paying attention to Thanksgiving education and practical education, and focusing on cultivating children's independent practice and innovation ability, all these are worthy of our study. Geography education in the implementation of quality education also began to pay attention to the cultivation of geographical literacy, in the middle school classroom not only to teach students basic knowledge, but also to cultivate emotional attitude and ability to adapt to life. Among them, it is the geographical chart reading ability that plays an important role in all kinds of abilities. Mastering the chart reading ability can better understand the knowledge expressed by the chart, and is beneficial to the understanding of common sense and the understanding of methods. There are also many researches on the cultivation of students' map reading in geography education at home and abroad. Especially, the training in the United States does not focus on doing questions and exams, but instead develops competitions with strong students' interest and independent practice and exploration, which encourages students to learn geography. Achieved the true quality education; In China, middle school geography teachers also attach great importance to the development of geographical chart reading ability, try various ways of training. Try to help students grasp the reading ability of geographical chart by the new educational model and the developing Internet. Following the pace of modern geography education, this paper studies how to cultivate the reading ability of high school students' geography chart. The paper is divided into six parts: the first part describes the background and significance of the topic selection, the research trend at home and abroad, the research ideas and methods, etc. The second part, the definition of relevant concepts and the elaboration of basic theoretical knowledge. The new class is changed to a background to explain the reading ability, classification and composition of geographical charts. In the third part, the author investigates the current situation of teachers' training of high school students' geographical chart reading ability, and makes the interview questions to the teachers and the questionnaire to the students. The purpose of this paper is to understand the training methods and effects of high school geography chart reading ability through teaching and learning of teachers and students, and to analyze the data and put forward the shortcomings and mistakes in education and teaching. In the fourth part, according to the teaching experience, the author puts forward some measures to improve the reading ability of geographical graph from three aspects: teachers, families and students. Emphasis is placed on the training measures of changing teaching methods and combining with certain teaching contents. In the fifth part, this paper starts with the hot topic of "Natural disaster and Prevention", and analyzes how to improve the students' reading ability of geographical charts by using teaching cases. The sixth part, the deficiency and prospect of the research.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.55

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