城乡居民基本养老保险的立法规制研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 11:18

本文关键词： 城乡居民养老保险立法规制　出处：《甘肃政法学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城乡居民基本养老保险制度的建立是我国在社会保障领域改革的重要成果,有利于城乡居民公平地享有改革发展红利,改善民生,促进劳动力自由流动,带动经济发展。其对象是城乡非正式就业群体,也即农民以及城镇中没有正式工作的居民。本文从理论层面阐述了城乡居民基本养老保险制度,实质上是新型农村社会养老保险与城镇居民社会养老保险制度合并后的结果。在实践层面,笔者调研了甘肃省平凉市崆峒区城乡居民基本养老保险制度的运行情况:目前该制度基本实现全覆盖,参保率已达99.8%(1),基金收支、结余数额较大,配套转移接续制度逐渐完备,制度越来越成熟,但该制度的运行主要依靠国务院及各地制定的政策,稳定性差、权威性不足,相关立法缺失制约着其可持续发展。本文通过总结现有政策实施的经验、借鉴国外典型国家对非正式就业群体进行立法规制的有益做法,旨在构建城乡居民基本养老保险法律制度,制定《城乡居民基本养老保险条例》。具体内容构想如下:在基金筹集和管理方面,应当采用“投保互助”型筹资模式,即由个人、集体、国家三方共同负担,特别要发挥基层群众自治组织作用,做实集体在资金筹集中的工作,不断提高集体的筹资比重;在基金管理方面,应引入竞争机制,由专业管理机构采用商业化运作方式负责投资运营,实现保值增值;在转移接续制度方面,应将市、县统筹提高为省级统筹,最后过渡为国家统筹,建立跨区域基金调剂机制,实行人力资源和社会保障部-省-市-县-乡-村(社区)六级联网,实现系统兼容、信息共享,方便参保对象跨区域流动;在经办机构建设方面,应在基层配备专业工作人员、开设基层服务窗口;在监督机制建设方面,应建立专门的城乡居民基本养老保险监管机构,直接隶属国务院,同时建立专业化的社会监管组织;在权利义务方面,应当明确经办机构、参保人等的具体权利义务;在争议处理机制方面应当引入复议前置程序,建立调解机制。
[Abstract]:The establishment of the basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents is an important achievement of the reform in the field of social security in China, which is conducive to the fair enjoyment of the reform and development dividend by urban and rural residents, the improvement of people's livelihood and the promotion of the free flow of labor. Promote economic development. Its object is urban and rural informal employment groups, that is, farmers and urban residents who do not have a formal job. This paper expounds the basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents from the theoretical level. In essence, it is the result of the combination of the new rural social old-age insurance and the urban residents' social old-age insurance system. The author investigated the operation of basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents in Kongtong District of Pingliang City, Gansu Province. At present, the system has basically achieved full coverage, the participation rate has reached 99.8%, and the fund income and expenditure. The balance amount is large, the supporting transfer succession system is gradually complete, the system is more and more mature, but the operation of the system mainly depends on the policies formulated by the State Council and other places, so it has poor stability and insufficient authority. The lack of relevant legislation restricts its sustainable development. This paper summarizes the experience of the implementation of existing policies and draws lessons from the useful practices of legislative regulation of informal employment groups in typical foreign countries. The purpose of this paper is to construct the legal system of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents and to formulate the regulations on basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents. The specific contents are as follows: in the aspect of fund raising and management. We should adopt the "insured and mutual assistance" mode of financing, that is, the individual, the collective, and the state should share the burden. In particular, we should give play to the role of grass-roots mass autonomous organizations, and do the collective work in raising funds. Increasing the proportion of collective financing; In the aspect of fund management, the competition mechanism should be introduced, and the specialized management institutions should be responsible for the investment operation in the way of commercial operation, so as to maintain and increase the value of the funds. In the system of transfer and succession, we should improve the overall planning of city and county to provincial level, and finally make the transition to national overall planning, and establish the mechanism of trans-regional fund allocation. Implementation of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, provinces, cities, counties, townships, villages (communities) six levels of networking, to achieve system compatibility, information sharing, easy to participate in cross-regional mobility; In the construction of administrative institutions, professional staff should be provided at the grass-roots level, and grass-roots service windows should be opened; In the construction of supervision mechanism, we should establish a special supervision organization of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, directly under the State Council, and establish a specialized social supervision organization. In the aspect of rights and obligations, the specific rights and obligations of agencies and insured persons should be clarified. In the aspect of dispute settlement mechanism, we should introduce review procedure and establish mediation mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.182.3

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