基于“国家教育科学决策服务系统”的教育决策支持体系研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 06:01

本文选题：国家教育科学决策服务系统　切入点：教育决策　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：本研究以"国家教育科学决策服务系统"对教育决策的支持为核心问题,通过行动研究和案例研究的方法,就国家教育科学决策服务系统如何用于支持教育决策进行了实证研究,构建了何以支持、为谁支持、谁来支持三个方面组成的教育决策支持体系,为教育决策中支持需求的满足提供一个整合视角的分析。借助大量一手资料和一组案例,本研究主要发现:第一,教育决策面临的挑战及其释放的支持需求,既是国家教育科学决策服务系统构建的缘起,同时是从功能层面分析其支持教育决策的起点。国家教育决策释放的支持需求突出表现为:系统而非分散的信息预测、地区与群体利益的统筹考量、多主体参与决策并实现协作。根据分析,与数据库、听证会、民意调查、咨询报告以及联席会议等支持方式相比,国家教育科学决策服务系统在应对支持需求上具有整合优势。第二,本研究通过一组案例分析发现:在何以支持好的教育决策做出方面,国家教育科学决策服务系统基于数据同时超越数据,通过时空维度的证据整合,为教育决策提供高质量的证据,并提高决策者采信证据的动力。在为谁支持方面,国家教育科学决策服务系统是为公共利益说话的"计算器",通过用于以人民为根本立场的利益分配与整合,实现教育公共品供给的激励评价、教育发展需求的统筹分析,支持教育决策整体增进公共利益。在谁来支持方面,国家教育科学决策服务系统是决策参与主体间互动与规制的一个场域,通过用于多主体参与决策及程序制约,实现多种声音表达、以权利制约权力,为教育决策质量和合法性提高奠定坚实基础。第三,国家教育科学决策服务系统对教育决策的支持,是一个三位一体的支持体系。支持功能的实现,是以证据整合、利益分配与整合、决策程序制约为中介。证据整合,针对何以支持,提供教育决策支持的基础;利益分配与整合,针对为谁支持,确保教育决策支持的价值取向;决策程序制约,针对谁来支持,促成教育决策支持的多主体参与。证据整合、利益分配与整合、决策程序制约,各有侧重,又相互联系、相互作用,构成一个有机系统。证据整合是手段,服务于利益整合的目的,而证据整合与决策程序制约又相互作用、互为条件,共同服务于利益整合。只有采用辩证思维整体认识国家教育科学决策服务系统,才能在用于支持教育决策中发挥最大限度的功能。第四,国家教育科学决策服务系统用于支持教育决策,必须深入理解数据与技术的使用方式及其效用。国家教育科学决策服务系统不能被简单静态地视为集成数据的计算机系统。通过数据尤其是大数据的使用,为增进公共利益的教育决策的做出提供证据支持、程序制约,是数据使用的最大价值。技术的使用,旨在使不在场者实现出场,让在场者真正代表,并提升决策者对证据的采信动力。第五,人是实现有效支持的关键变量。一方面,人口与学龄人口及其变化是我国教育决策的关键背景变量,而人力资源水平提高扮演着关键的结果变量。另一方面,国家教育科学决策服务系统对教育决策的支持,依赖于包括决策者和研究者及信息技术人员在内的决策参与主体的自觉。
[Abstract]:Based on the "national education scientific decision-making service system of education decision support for the core problem, through the action research method and case study, the national education scientific decision-making service system for how to carries out an empirical study on educational decision support, construction support for why, who, who to support the educational decision support system three composition, provide an integrated perspective to support education in decision making. To meet the demand by a large number of first-hand materials and a group of cases, the major findings of this study: first, education policy challenges and release support demand for construction of national education science is not only the origin of decision service system, and is the starting point of the analysis from the function of educational decision support level. The national education decision support needs the release of outstanding performance is: system rather than scattered information forecast area and community benefit system Raise considerations, multi subject participation in decision-making and to achieve cooperation. According to the analysis, and database, hearing, public opinion survey, compared to a joint meeting report and support national education scientific decision-making service system has integrated the advantages in response to support demand. Second, the research group through a case analysis found: in how educational decision support good to make scientific decision, the national education service system based on the data at the same time beyond the data, through the integration of evidence of the dimension of time and space, to provide high quality evidence for educational decision-making, and improve decision-making evidence for power. Who support national education, scientific decision-making service system is to speak for the public interest "calculator", through the use of interest distribution and integration with the people as the basic position, implementation of incentive education evaluation of public goods supply, the manpower demand analysis of the development of education, support education The decision to increase public interest. In who to support national education, scientific decision-making service system is the interaction and participation in decision-making regulation between subjects of a field, through the use of multi subject participation in decision making and control procedures, to achieve a variety of voice, the right to restrict the power to lay a solid foundation for education to improve decision quality and legitimacy. Third, the national education service system of scientific decision-making support for education decision, is a three-in-one support system. Realize the support function, is based on the evidence integration, benefit distribution and integration, decision process control as the intermediary. Evidence for why the integration, support, provide the basis for educational decision-making; benefit allocation and integration, for who support, ensure the value orientation of education decision support; decision procedure control, against whom to support, to multi subject education decision support participation. Evidence integration, distribution of interests With the integration of decision procedures, constraints are different, but interrelated, interaction, constitute an organic system. Evidence integration is a means to serve the interests of integration, and integration of evidence and decision procedure restriction and interaction, mutual conditions, common services in the integration of interests. Only by the dialectical thinking of the overall understanding of the country education scientific decision-making service system, in order to maximize the function of support for education decision. Fourth, the national education scientific decision-making service system for educational decision support, must thoroughly understand the data and the use of technology and utility. National education scientific decision-making service system can not be regarded as a simple static computer system integration through data. Data especially the use of big data, provide evidence to support, to make education decisions to promote public benefit of the program control, is the largest use of price data Value. The use of technology, in order to make an absent realization of appearance, so that the presence of the real representative, and enhance the power of decision makers admissible evidence. Fifth, people are the key variables to achieve effective support. On the one hand, the population and school-age population and the change of background is the key to China's education decision-making variables, and human resources to improve the level of play a key variable results. On the other hand, the national education service system of scientific decision-making support for education decision, depending on the decision makers and researchers, including information technology and personnel participation consciousness.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G521

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