中国农业结构类型与发展模式探讨

发布时间：2018-08-25 18:30

【摘要】：从生态经济学视角,深入分析由自然资源、人力资源和资本等生产要素所构成的世界不同农业结构类型,从中选择与我国农业结构类型相近的国家作为标尺进行比较,阐明资源相对匮乏国家只能走内涵延伸扩大再生产道路,以提高土地生产率为核心目标,运用科技与管理手段加速结构与功能的变换,推进现代农业的发展。改革开放以来,我国农业GDP增长显著超过发达经济体,部分省份已接近或实现现代农业。特别是加入WTO后,我国农产品国际影响力大幅提升,并凸显出技术与劳动密集型产业领域的比较优势。因此,我国在不断提高单位农地产出量、稳定粮食生产的基础上,充分发挥不同地域的自然禀赋加速优势区域布局,依靠创新驱动加速专业生产格局形成,在依赖工业化、城镇化吸纳农村富余劳动力的同时,适度保持农业劳动力充裕优势,拓宽农业效益型发展道路,不失为实现具有中国特色的新型农业现代化的正确选择。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of ecological economics, this paper analyzes the different agricultural structure types of the world composed of natural resources, human resources, capital and other factors of production, and compares them with the countries with similar agricultural structure types in China. It is pointed out that countries with relatively scarce resources can only take the road of extension of connotation and expansion of reproduction, take the improvement of land productivity as the core goal, speed up the transformation of structure and function by means of science and technology and management, and promote the development of modern agriculture. Since the reform and opening up, China's agricultural GDP growth is significantly higher than that of developed economies, and some provinces have approached or realized modern agriculture. Especially after China's entry into WTO, the international influence of Chinese agricultural products has been greatly enhanced, and the comparative advantages of technology and labor-intensive industries have been highlighted. Therefore, on the basis of continuously increasing the output of agricultural land per unit and stabilizing grain production, our country can give full play to the natural endowment of different regions to accelerate the regional layout of advantages, and rely on innovation to accelerate the formation of specialized production pattern and to rely on industrialization. While the urbanization absorbs the rural surplus labor force, it is the correct choice for realizing the new agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics to keep the abundant advantage of the agricultural labor force and widen the road of the agricultural beneficial development.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学;
【分类号】：F321

【共引文献】