动态路网下车辆路径问题研究

发布时间：2018-09-09 08:31

【摘要】：传统静态路径研究多是根据路径长度来进行规划研究,没有考虑路网的时变性。随着消费观念的改变,顾客对配送服务提出了更高的要求,最主要的是对配送服务提出了时间窗的要求。过早配送会造成人力资源的闲置,产生等待成本,延后配送达不到顾客要求,产生延误成本,这就给配送服务商们提出了更大的挑战。城市工商业的分布导致各个路段(以及不同方向)在各个时段的通行能力各不相同,配送服务商们要综合考虑路网的通行能力、时间成本、距离成本和服务时间窗。本文将通行时间依据路网拥挤程度分成不同时段,将服务每个客户的途中拥挤状况作为一个重要因素,在制定服务方案时尽可能规避交通拥挤,使得配送总成本最低。本文的主要工作有:1、针对城市交通中交通流的动态特性,考虑了旅行时间的动态变化,定义本文动态车辆路径问题,探讨动态车辆路径问题的求解方法,考虑车型以及时间窗,分别建立动态路网下车辆路径模型,并给出模型的求解思路;2、已有车辆路径问题的研究大多考虑的是两点间静态空间距离,本文考虑了配送途中的动态拥挤,距离最短路未必是最优路径,以成本最优为目标建立模型,采用精英主义原则优化种群的策略,设计了模型的求解算法,通过算例设计,给出了最优配送方案,验证了算法的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The traditional static path research is based on the path length, and does not take into account the time-varying road network. With the change of consumption concept, customers put forward higher requirements for distribution services, the most important is to put forward the time window requirements for distribution services. Premature distribution will lead to idle human resources, resulting in waiting costs, delay delivery can not meet customer requirements, resulting in delay costs, which gives distribution service providers a greater challenge. The distribution of urban industry and commerce leads to different traffic capacity of different sections (and different directions). Distribution service providers should consider the road network capacity, time cost, distance cost and service time window. In this paper, the traffic time is divided into different periods according to the congestion degree of the road network. The congestion condition of each customer is taken as an important factor to avoid the traffic congestion as far as possible when making the service plan, so that the total cost of distribution is the lowest. The main work of this paper is: 1. In view of the dynamic characteristics of traffic flow in urban traffic, the dynamic change of travel time is considered, the dynamic vehicle routing problem is defined, the solution method of dynamic vehicle routing problem is discussed, and the vehicle type and time window are considered. The vehicle routing model under the dynamic road network is established, and the solution of the model is given. The existing vehicle routing problems mostly consider the static space distance between the two points. In this paper, the dynamic congestion on the way of distribution is considered. The shortest distance path is not necessarily the optimal path. The model is established with the goal of cost optimization, and the strategy of population optimization based on elitist principle is adopted. The algorithm of solving the model is designed, and the optimal distribution scheme is given through the example design. The feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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