基于人力资源社会价值的职业培训激励机制构建研究

发布时间：2019-04-27 06:49

【摘要】：职业培训是提升员工专业技能,提高员工工作效率,增加企业生产经营效益,提升社会人力资本价值的有效手段。但是,职业培训作为一项投资活动,收益和风险并存,受风险因素影响,企业开展职业培训的积极性不高。从社会人力资源角度分析,这势必影响整个社会人力资本的保值、增值。在此背景下,归纳分析国内外学者相关研究成果后,论文就如何激励企业积极开展职业培训展开研究。首先,总结了国内外学者在职业培训价值、职业培训风险和培训激励机制三个方面的研究成果;阐述了人力资源、职业培训、激励机制的概念和相关激励理论。接着,按照收益主体的不同,分别从员工、企业和社会三个方面对职业培训的价值进行了全面的分析。尤其是对职业培训社会价值的分析,即将职业培训的价值从以往的员工和企业两个方面拓展到了社会层面,又说明了政府也需要承担职业培训责任的理由。然后,通过相关数据收集整理,分析了美国企业和我国企业开展职业培训的现实状况,发现了我国企业在职业培训方面存在的不足和差距。接着,分析了影响企业开展职业培训积极性,导致问题出现的三大风险因素。最后,针对企业开展职业培训积极不高的问题,提出了建立职业培训激励机制的构想,并在相关激励理论研究下,简要概述了职业培训激励机制,确定了激励机制的运作模式。并基于培训激励机制的运作模式,具体针对培训效果风险、培训收益风险和受训员工流失风险分别构建了职业培训效益保障机制、职业培训成本分担机制和受训员工流失补偿机制,有针对性地提出了一系列的激励措施、方法,降低企业开展职业培训的风险,保障企业培训投资收益,最终增强企业开展职业培训的意愿。论文的创新之处主要体现在研究视角、激励机制的运作模式和激励机制三个主要组成部分的构建方面。首先,从人力资源社会价值的视角,分析得出职业培训对社会人力资本的增值保值、缓解失业问题、维持社会稳定具有重大意义,因此不能放任企业消极开展职业培训,需要协同企业、员工和政府三方力量,共同构建职业培训激励机制,增强企业开展职业培训的意愿。接着,在激励理论的引导下,分析了职业培训激励机制构建的理论基础,介绍了职业培训激励机制的基本构成要素,确定了培训激励机制的运作模式。最后,针对影响企业开展职业培训积极性的三个主要风险因素,构建了职业培训激励机制的三个主要组成部分,尝试性地提出了一系列激励方法和运作模式。
[Abstract]:Vocational training is an effective means to improve employees' professional skills, improve their working efficiency, increase production and management benefits, and enhance the value of social human capital. However, vocational training as an investment activity, income and risk co-exist, affected by risk factors, the enthusiasm of enterprises to carry out vocational training is not high. Analysis from the perspective of social human resources, this is bound to affect the value of the entire social human capital, value-added. In this context, after summarizing and analyzing the relevant research results of scholars at home and abroad, this paper studies how to encourage enterprises to actively carry out vocational training. Firstly, this paper summarizes the research achievements of domestic and foreign scholars in three aspects: the value of vocational training, the risk of vocational training and the incentive mechanism of training, and expounds the concepts of human resources, vocational training, incentive mechanism and related incentive theory. Then, according to the difference of income subject, the value of vocational training is analyzed from three aspects: employee, enterprise and society. Especially the analysis of the social value of vocational training extends the value of vocational training from the two aspects of the former employees and enterprises to the social level and explains the reasons why the government also needs to assume the responsibility of vocational training. Then, through the collection and collation of relevant data, this paper analyzes the reality of vocational training in American enterprises and Chinese enterprises, and finds out the shortcomings and gaps in vocational training in Chinese enterprises. Then, it analyzes the three risk factors that affect the enthusiasm of the enterprises to carry out vocational training and lead to the emergence of the problems. Finally, aiming at the problem that vocational training is positive or not, this paper puts forward the idea of establishing the incentive mechanism of vocational training, and briefly summarizes the incentive mechanism of vocational training under the research of relevant incentive theory, and determines the operation mode of the incentive mechanism. Based on the operation mode of the training incentive mechanism, this paper constructs the benefit guarantee mechanism of vocational training, specifically aiming at the risk of training effect, the risk of training income and the risk of loss of trained staff. The cost-sharing mechanism of vocational training and the compensation mechanism for the loss of trained staff have put forward a series of incentive measures and methods to reduce the risk of carrying out vocational training in enterprises, and to ensure the investment income of enterprises' training. Ultimately enhance the willingness of enterprises to carry out vocational training. The innovation of the thesis is mainly reflected in the perspective of research, the operation mode of incentive mechanism and the construction of three main components of incentive mechanism. First of all, from the perspective of the social value of human resources, it is concluded that vocational training is of great significance in maintaining the value of social human capital, alleviating unemployment and maintaining social stability. Therefore, it is not possible to allow enterprises to carry out vocational training passively. It is necessary to cooperate with enterprises, employees and government to construct incentive mechanism of vocational training and enhance the willingness of enterprises to carry out vocational training. Then, under the guidance of the incentive theory, this paper analyzes the theoretical basis of the vocational training incentive mechanism, introduces the basic elements of the vocational training incentive mechanism, and determines the operation mode of the training incentive mechanism. Finally, aiming at the three main risk factors that affect the initiative of vocational training, this paper constructs the three main components of the incentive mechanism of vocational training, and tries to put forward a series of incentive methods and operation modes.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F272.92

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