对外汉语教学中的歧义现象研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 05:32

本文关键词：对外汉语教学中的歧义现象研究　出处：《山东师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：歧义问题长期以来一直是汉语研究中的一个重要问题，也是许多语言中存在的普遍现象。本文在概括整理已有研究成果的基础上，结合自己对歧义问题的认识和在对外汉语教学中的实践，提出了一些浅陋的认识。汉语中的歧义现象在对外汉语教学中是一个难点，同时，它又是留学生学习汉语无法绕过的一个语言点。不认识歧义，了解歧义，必然影响交际的正常进行。所以，研究对外汉语教学中的歧义现象很有必要。希望本论文得出的结论对今后的对外汉语教学具有借鉴和参考价值。本论文主要分为六个部分来进行论述：第一章引论部分，，主要包括选题意义、研究现状及趋势和研究计划。先概述了半个多世纪以来现代汉语歧义研究所取得的成果。从语言研究、语法研究、对外汉语教学、汉语歧义现象的相对普遍性等角度分析歧义研究的意义。第二章汉语中的歧义现象分析，主要是对汉语歧义现象进行本体上的研究。从歧义产生的原因、歧义的含义与分类入手，让大家对汉语歧义现象有一个总体的认识。首先，从语音、词汇、语法、社会文化方面分析了汉语歧义产生的原因；接着，对歧义进行了界定,对容易混淆的几个概念进行了论述。然后，根据歧义的产生原因把歧义分成了四种类型，对四种类型的歧义进行了讨论。此后我们介绍了消除歧义的方法。最后，讨论了歧义的积极作用。第三章留学生习得汉语歧义现象情况的调查与分析，这一部分是重点，主要是做深入细致的调查。文章首先对调查对象、调查方法、问卷设计、调查内容作了简要的说明。我们对来自不同国家的留学生进行了问卷调查，问卷分别设计了听力、注音、选择三种题型，力求多层次反映学生的习得状况。调查结果以图表的形式展现。针对调查结果，我们分析了留学生对汉语歧义的习得情况。第四章从第二语言习得理论看汉语歧义的理论基础，我们运用第二语言习得理论分析了汉语歧义的理论基础问题。在这一章中，我们运用了语言监控模式、合作原则、言语行为理论和文化适应模式四种理论。第五章对外汉语教材中关于歧义的设置和歧义现象教学对策。我们首先讨论了对外汉语教材中提到的汉语歧义现象，并且对教材提出了一些建议。然后详细介绍了一些教学对策。第六章结语，这一部分是对整篇文章内容的总结。在作了上述研究分析之后，能够明白文章的意义何在。在对外汉语教学中，探索歧义的奥秘，使留学生能够在交际交流中避免汉语中的歧义以及能够正确地认识歧义，运用歧义。这个过程是漫长而充满趣味的，同时，作者把本文的缺点与不足之处概括了出来。
[Abstract]:The problem of ambiguity has long been an important issue in the research of Chinese, and it is also a common phenomenon in many languages. In this paper generalized the existing research results, combined with their own understanding of ambiguity and in foreign language teaching practice, puts forward some shallow understanding of the ambiguity in Chinese. In teaching Chinese as a foreign language is a difficult problem, at the same time, it is also a Chinese language point can not be bypassed by the students to learn. Don't know about ambiguity, ambiguity, will inevitably affect the normal communication. So, research on foreign language teaching of ambiguity in phenomenology is necessary. Hope the conclusion of this paper has reference and the reference value of foreign language teaching in the future. This thesis is mainly divided into six parts:
The first chapter is the introduction part, mainly includes the significance of the topic, research status and trends and research programs. The first overview obtained in the research on Modern Chinese Ambiguity in more than half a century. The research results from the study of language, grammar, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, the relative universality angle ambiguity in the analysis of the significance of the study of ambiguity.
The second chapter analysis of ambiguity in Chinese, is mainly studied on the body of Chinese ambiguity. The reason from the ambiguity of the meaning and classification of ambiguity, and let us have a general understanding of Chinese ambiguity. First of all, from the pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, society and the causes of ambiguous analysis of culture; secondly, the definition of ambiguity, on several confusing concepts were discussed. Then, ambiguity is divided into four types according to the causes of ambiguity, on four kinds of ambiguity are discussed. Then we introduce the method of eliminate ambiguity. Finally, discuss the positive effect of ambiguity.
The investigation and analysis of the third chapter of foreign students' acquisition of Chinese ambiguity, this part is the key, mainly to do a thorough and meticulous investigation. Based on survey, survey method, questionnaire design, survey content is briefly described. We conducted a questionnaire survey of students from different countries, were designed respectively listening, phonetic, choose three kinds of questions, in order to reflect the multi-level students acquisition situation. The result of the investigation in the form of a chart show. According to the survey results, we analyzed the acquisition of ambiguity in Chinese students.
The fourth chapter the theoretical basis of Chinese Ambiguity in the second language acquisition theory, we use the second language acquisition theory to analyze the theoretical basis of Chinese ambiguity. In this chapter, we use ofmonitor model, cooperative principle, to adapt to the mode of four kinds of speech act theory and cultural theory.
The fifth chapter is about the establishment of ambiguity and the teaching strategies of ambiguity in TCFL. We first discussed the phenomenon of Chinese Ambiguity mentioned in TCFL, and put forward some suggestions for teaching materials. Then we introduced some teaching strategies in detail.
The sixth chapter is the conclusion, this part of the article is a summary of the content. After the research and analysis, to understand what the meaning of the article. In foreign language teaching, explore the mysteries of ambiguity, so that students can avoid ambiguity in communication in Chinese and can correctly understand the use of ambiguity. Ambiguity. This process is long and full of fun, at the same time, the shortcomings and deficiencies of this paper are summarized.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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