汉、越饮食词语联想意义认知对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 13:46

本文选题：联想意义　切入点：语义转移　出处：《华中师范大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：近儿年来,中越两国关系日益友好,特别是在经济、教育等方面速快发展。目前在越南选择学习汉语的人越来越多,同时也有不少中国学生来到越南学习越南语。在学习语言与进行语言交际过程中,两种语言的词汇联想意义差异经常导致学习困难与交际障碍。本论文选择与生活最为接近的部分词语——饮食词语作为研究对象,最大目的是从认知角度对汉、越饮食词语联想意义的引中路径进行分析对比研究,从而指出两者之间的异同；考察与分析过程中同时探讨与其相关的一些影响因素,(比如：自然环境、历史文化、风俗习惯、价值观念、思维方式、认知模式、等等)。由于联想意义反映一个民族的心理观念、社会生活、历史文化、风俗习惯、认知模式等因素,于是具有浓厚的文化色彩。了解一个民族的联想思维途径可以进一步了解该民族语言所包含的多种语言之外的文化因素。因此,从词语联想意义研究能够获得更丰富的民族文化知识,从而更加了解一个民族的风俗喜欢、社会生活、等等。论文基于联想意义与认知隐喻理论基础对两种语言当中的饮食词语的联想意义更全面,更系统地进行对比研究。考察过程中有注意到汉越词和纯越语词的同在并对其加深探讨,从而浅谈两者在应用方面的异同。这方面研究对进行汉、越跨文化语言交际与对外汉语学习与教学等方面均有帮助。通过考察与分析,我们发现汉、越两种语言的饮食词语联想意义引中路径主要基于相似性或邻近性的联想,通过隐喻和转喻手段从饮食域映现到属于其他范畴的目标域(目标域的概念特别丰富,主要形容人的容貌、性格、行为、心态、经历、等等)。本文借用“饮食是人生”作为基本概念隐喻,从而开展研究方向,发现属于饮食活动的各个成员都与人类各个方面关系密切。食味词语的词义通过认知活动主要转移到形容人们的各种心态与感受的目标域。食品词语的词义通过认知活动主要转移到形容人的外貌、性格、能力的目标域。烹饪词语的词义通过认知活动主要转移到形容行为、经历的目标域。饮食词语的词义通过认知活动主要转移到形容人在生活中的体验和遭遇。本文经过考察与研究汉、越饮食词语联想意义,笔者发现汉、越两民族的认知模式和思维方式有许多共同之处,主要原因有儿个：第一、两国本来是邻居,于是地理环境相似之处较多,同样是经济方面以农业为主的国家,导致两国在产物和生活习惯的相似。第二,两国之间在历史上的曾经交流导致文化方面产生交叉。在交流过程中,有许多语言、文化方面的因素从汉文化和汉语中引进越南文化和越南语(汉越词是最为明显的跨文化痕迹)。越南也是属于汉语文化圈的国家之一,于是两民族在价值观念、思维方式等方面比较相似。汉、越饮食词语联想意义的不同之处大部分原因来自两民族各有特色的民间文化、风俗习惯、历史演变等等。可见,作为邻居的汉、越两国虽然民族文化方面有所相同和接近,可是两国人民对事物的接触经验不同,加上自然环境、风俗习惯、价值观念等方面的差异之处,导致两种民族语言的联想思维方面存的不同。于是汉、越两种语言的饮食词语联想意义同中有异,各有各的特色,具有浓厚的民族文化色彩。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Sino Vietnamese relations increasingly friendly, especially in economic, education and other aspects of fast development. In Vietnam now choose to learn more and more Chinese people, but also a lot of Chinese students came to study in Vietnam Vietnamese. In language learning and language communication, two language vocabulary differences often lead to learning difficulties and barriers in communication.
The life most close to the number of words - diet words as the research object, the biggest goal is from the cognitive perspective of the Han Dynasty, in the lead path associative meaning more diet words analyzed, and pointed out the similarities and differences between the two; some factors related to the investigation and analysis of the process (e.g. natural environment, historical culture, customs, values, ways of thinking, cognitive model, etc.). Because of the associative meanings reflect a nation's psychological concept, social life, history and culture, customs and habits, cognitive mode and other factors, and has a strong cultural flavor. Lenovo ways of thinking of a nation can be further to understand the cultural factors contained in the languages of national language. Therefore, the significance of word association can obtain more rich cultural knowledge, and thus more To understand the customs of a nation, social life, and so on.
The associative meaning associative meaning and cognitive metaphor theory based on two kinds of language words based on diet is more comprehensive, more systematic comparative study. To study the process of notice in Sino Vietnamese words and more pure words and deepen in the study, which used on both the similarities and differences in this aspect. Study on the Han Dynasty, the intercultural communication and foreign language learning and teaching aspects of help.
Through investigation and analysis, we found that the Chinese diet, meaning more words in two languages of similarity and proximity of the main path of the Lenovo from the diet based on domain mapping to the target domain belongs to other areas through metaphor and metonymy means the concept of the target domain (particularly rich, mainly to describe people's appearance, personality, behavior that attitude, experience, etc.). This paper uses the "diet is life" as the basic concept of metaphor, in order to carry out the research direction, that each member belongs to all human diet activities closely. All aspects of the word meaning by eating the main cognitive activities transferred to the target domain describe all kinds of mentality and people's sense of the word. Food the meaning of the main cognitive activities transferred to describe people's appearance, personality, ability to target domain. The meaning of words by cooking cognitive activities mainly transferred to describe behavior, experience goals The meaning of food words is transferred mainly through cognitive activities to the experience and experience of the adjective in life.
After investigating and studying the associative meaning of Chinese and Vietnamese dietary words, the author finds that there are many similarities between Han and Vietnamese two ethnic groups in cognitive mode and way of thinking.
First, the two countries were neighbors, so the geographical environment is more similar. It is also a country dominated by agriculture in the economic area, resulting in similar products and habits between the two countries.
Second, between the two countries in the history once communication induces cross culture. In the course of the exchange, there are many factors of language, cultural aspects of the introduction of Vietnam and Vietnamese culture from the Han culture and Chinese (Sino Vietnamese words are the most obvious signs of cross culture). One of Vietnam is also belong to the Chinese cultural circle of the country. So the two ethnic groups in the values, ways of thinking and so similar. The Han Dynasty, folk culture, associative meaning of words more diet differences mostly from two nationalities unique customs, historical evolution and so on. Therefore, as a neighbor of the Han Dynasty, the two countries although the national culture have the same and close contact between the two countries but experience people of different things, and the natural environment, customs, values and other aspects of the differences, resulting in Lenovo thinking two minority languages exist different. So chinese, The association meanings of the two languages are different from those in the same language, each has its own characteristics, and has a strong national cultural color.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H44

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