对外汉语教学中留学生成语使用偏误分析及教学策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 16:26

本文选题：对外汉语成语教学 + HSK动态作文语料库　；参考：《西北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：成语是经过历史沉淀，约定俗成的用语，浓缩了中华上下五千年的文明，被称为中华文化的“活化石”和“集成块”，是中华民族智慧的结晶。成语本身结构复杂，多年来一直是对外汉语教学的重点和难点。本文通过考察“HSK动态作文语料库”中的成语使用偏误情况，分析偏误类型及偏误出现的原因并提出教学建议。主要研究方法包括研究本体分析法、文献及研究成果总结法、语料分析法和实际运用分析法。基于“HSK动态作文语料库”中留学生使用成语的偏误情况，本文对所收集到的2387篇错误篇章中出现的157个偏误例句进行量化分析，研究发现“误用”和“缺位”是留学生成语使用最常见错误类型，，其中“误用”又包括“书写偏误”、“语义偏误”、“句法偏误”和“语用偏误”四种情况。留学生偏误产生的原因包括成语本身结构的复杂性、教学大纲和教材编写不当、缺少专用词典以及教学方法不当。针对留学生偏误产生的原因提出了相应教学建议，包括重视成语地位、编纂专用词典和改革传统教学方法等。本文从成语偏误的角度进行分析，期望能够为对外汉语成语教学研究尽自己的微薄之力。
[Abstract]:Idioms, which have been accumulated through historical precipitation and idioms, have condensed the civilization of China for five thousand years, and are called "living fossils" and "integrated blocks" of Chinese culture, which are the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation. Idioms are complex in structure and have been the focus and difficulty of teaching Chinese as a foreign language for many years. By investigating the usage of idioms in HSK dynamic composition Corpus, this paper analyzes the types of errors and the causes of errors, and puts forward some teaching suggestions. The main research methods include ontology analysis, literature and research results summary, corpus analysis and practical application analysis. Based on the errors of idioms used by foreign students in HSK dynamic composition Corpus, this paper makes a quantitative analysis of 157 errors in 2387 wrong chapters. The study finds that "misuse" and "absence" are the most common types of errors in idioms used by foreign students, including writing errors, semantic errors, syntactic errors and pragmatic errors. The reasons for the errors include the complexity of idioms, the improper preparation of syllabus and teaching materials, the lack of special dictionaries and the improper teaching methods. This paper puts forward some teaching suggestions on the causes of errors of foreign students, including paying attention to the status of idioms, compiling special dictionaries and reforming traditional teaching methods. From the perspective of idiom bias, this paper hopes to contribute to the teaching of Chinese idioms as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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