现代汉语可能补语研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 07:36

本文选题：可能补语 + 能性语义　；参考：《北京语言大学》2009年博士论文

【摘要】：本文以现代汉语可能补语为研究对象,结合传统的语法分析方法和认知语言学的理论思想,对可能补语的结构、意义以及用法进行了探讨和分析。本文共分为七章,研究的对象包括“V得/不C”、“V得/不了”以及“V得/不得”三种形式,讨论的内容主要有以下五个方面。第一,关于三种可能补语的结构和意义,分别讨论“V得/不C”、“V得/不了”以及“V得/不得”的语义功能和这些结构中的“V”或“C”的条件限制。第二,可能补语的语义分析。根据动力学的认知模式分析了可能补语的内部语义结构,并从情态理论的角度解释了三种可能补语的能性语义。第三,关于可能补语用法上的问题,主要讨论了可能补语肯定式和否定式之间存在的不对称现象、可能补语出现的语境特点以及可能补语在句法上受到的限制。第四,可能补语与韩国语中相关句式之比较。从语义功能的角度,寻找韩国语中与可能补语相应的表达方式,并阐述了汉语与韩国语在表达可能语义上存在的共同点和不同点。第五,可能补语的对外汉语教学问题。根据现行教材对可能补语注释上存在的一些问题和外国学生在可能补语学习上出现的偏误现象,提出了可能补语教学的基本思路和方案。通过对这些内容的分析,我们发现,可能补语不只是结果补语或趋向补语的下位概念,而是具有自身的句法规律和语义功能的述补结构;可能补语的意义也有与能愿动词“能”相区别的特点,它主要表示与事件有关的能性意义;可能补语的用法上的特点也反映,它和“能”在语义、句法上都具有不同功能。本文系统地分析和详细地解释了可能补语的结构意义、语义特征以及表达功能。本研究不仅在可能补语的本体研究上形成了进一步的认识,而且还能够为针对外国学生的可能补语教学提供一些借鉴,但也存在有待进一步研究的问题,如可能补语的个案研究和教学设计等。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the structure, meaning and usage of possible complements in modern Chinese are discussed and analyzed in combination with the traditional grammatical analysis methods and the theoretical ideas of cognitive linguistics. This paper is divided into seven chapters. The research objects include "V de / no C", "V de / No" and "V de / No". First, on the structure and meaning of three possible complements, we discuss the semantic functions of "V de / no C", "V de / can not" and "V de / not" and the conditionalities of "V" or "C" in these structures, respectively. Second, the semantic analysis of possible complement. According to the cognitive model of dynamics, this paper analyzes the internal semantic structure of the possible complement, and explains the functional semantics of the three possible complements from the perspective of modality theory. Thirdly, on the use of possible complement, this paper mainly discusses the asymmetry between positive and negative of possible complement, the contextual characteristics of possible complement and the syntactic limitation of possible complement. Fourth, the possible complement is compared with the relevant sentence structure in Korean. From the point of view of semantic function, this paper looks for the corresponding expressions of possible complement in Korean, and expounds the common points and differences between Chinese and Korean in expressing possible semantics. Fifth, the possible complement of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. According to the problems existing in the annotation of possible complements in the current textbooks and the errors in the study of possible complements by foreign students, this paper puts forward the basic ideas and schemes for the teaching of possible complements. Through the analysis of these contents, we find that the possible complement is not only the inferior concept of the resultant complement or the directional complement, but also the declarative complement structure with its own syntactic rules and semantic functions. The meaning of the possible complement is also different from that of the verb "can", which mainly denotes the possible meaning related to the event, and the characteristics of the usage of the possible complement also reflect that it and "Neng" have different functions in semantic and syntactic aspects. This paper systematically analyzes and explains in detail the structural meaning, semantic features and expressive functions of possible complements. This study has not only formed a further understanding on the ontological study of possible complements, but also provided some references for the teaching of possible complements for foreign students, but there are still some problems to be further studied. Such as possible complement case study and teaching design.
【学位授予单位】：北京语言大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H146

【引证文献】