空间形容词“深”的研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 18:03

本文选题：形容词 + 转喻　；参考：《北京语言大学》2009年博士论文

【摘要】：人们对外部世界的认知是以空间概念为基础的,汉语中很多非空间概念都是由空间概念隐喻而来的,而空间形容词的内部不同语义之间都存在着空间概念到非空间概念的隐喻现象,空间形容词的研究对汉语整体隐喻现象的研究有着举足轻重的地位。具有[+下向]和[+内向]语义特征的空间形容词“深”与其他空间形容词相比,它语义上的隐喻、转喻现象及其构词、句法特征都有着特殊之处,而且“深”的这些特殊语义和用法也是留学生的学习难点。本文运用认知语言学的相关理论,选择空间形容词“深”进行详细深入的分析,试图解决如下几个问题:(一)“深”具体包含哪些义项?它们之间存在着哪些隐喻与转喻现象?其隐喻和转喻的路径如何?;(二)和“深”有家族相似性的形容词有哪些?“深”和同族成员之间在语义上有何异同?;(三)“深”在构词和句法上有何特点?;(四)“深”和“浅”之间具有哪些对称与不对称现象?这些现象产生的动因是什么?;(五)汉语的“深”和韩语的“(?)[kipta]”有何异同? 全文共分七个部分:第一部分是绪论,介绍本文的选题缘由、理论基础、研究方法及前人研究概况。第二部分和第三部分从认知的角度对空间范畴“深”进行详细的分析,系统地探讨“深”的基本义、转喻义和隐喻义,进而考察“深”与其它语义相近的同族形容词成员之间的异同。第四部分探讨“深”在构词和句法上的特点。第五部分讨论“深”和“浅”的对称与不对称问题。第六部分对汉语的“深”与韩语的“(?)[kipta]”进行比较,考察二者在空间隐喻上的异同。第七部分是结语。本文的创新之处主要有以下五点:(一)对“深”的语义进行了系统性的分析,通过细化其基本义的语义特征,揭示了基本义到转喻义、基本义到隐喻义、转喻义到隐喻义的语义扩展路径;(二)找出了与“深”语义相近的同族形容词,揭示了“深”与它们在语义和语用上的差异,以及这些同族形容词成员之间的关系;(三)利用维度概念和“深”的语义特征,概括了“深”与其他单音节形容词的构词规则;(四)对“深”和“浅”的对称与不对称现象进行了全面的描写,并对其进行了合理的解释;(五)对比分析了“深”与韩语“(?)[kipta]”的语义和语法特征,在此基础上利用通感隐喻给予了认知上的解释。本文的价值在于:(一)对单个形容词进行系统性的分析,弥补了以往相关研究的空缺;(二)本文的研究并不止于“深”这一单个形容词的个案研究,其研究思路及成果可以扩展到整个空间形容词范畴;(三)汉语“深”的研究可以为空间形容词的类型学研究提供参考;(四)本文在语义、构词和句法上的研究成果可为现行对外汉语教学提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:People's cognition of the outside world is based on the concept of space, and many non-spatial concepts in Chinese come from the metaphor of space concept. However, there is a metaphorical phenomenon between spatial concept and non-spatial concept between different semantics of spatial adjectives, and the study of spatial adjectives plays an important role in the study of Chinese overall metaphor. Compared with other spatial adjectives, the semantic metaphors, metonymy phenomena, word formation and syntactic features of the spatial adjectives with the semantic characteristics of "deep" and "introverted" have special features. Moreover, these special semantics and usage of "Shen" are also the learning difficulties of foreign students. This paper makes a detailed and in-depth analysis of the spatial adjective "Shen" by using the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics. Try to solve the following questions: (1) what are the meanings of "deep"? What are the metonymy and metonymy phenomena between them? What is the path of metaphor and metonymy? (2) what are the adjectives with "deep" family resemblance? What are the semantic similarities and differences between "Shen" and members of the same family? (3) what are the characteristics of "deep" in word formation and syntax? (4) what are the symmetries and asymmetries between "deep" and "shallow"? What are the motivations of these phenomena? (5) what are the similarities and differences between "Shen" in Chinese and "kipta" in Korean? the full text is divided into seven parts: the first part is an introduction, which introduces the reason, theoretical basis, research methods and the general situation of previous studies. The second part and the third part make a detailed analysis of the spatial category "deep" from the perspective of cognition, and systematically discuss the basic meaning, metonymy meaning and metaphorical meaning of "deep". Then the similarities and differences between Shen and other members of similar adjectives with similar semantics are investigated. The fourth part discusses the characteristics of deep in word formation and syntax. The fifth part discusses the symmetry and asymmetry of "depth" and "shallow". In the sixth part, the author compares Chinese "Shen" with Korean "kipta" and examines their similarities and differences in spatial metaphors. The seventh part is the conclusion. The innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) the following five points: (1) A systematic analysis of the semantic meaning of "Shen" is carried out. By refining the semantic characteristics of its basic meaning, it reveals the basic meaning to the metaphorical meaning and the basic meaning to the metaphorical meaning. The semantic extension path from metaphorical meaning to metaphorical meaning (2) this paper finds out the congenial adjectives which are close to the meaning of "deep", and reveals the differences between "deep" and them in semantic and pragmatic terms. And the relationship among the members of these congenial adjectives (3) using the concept of dimension and the semantic characteristics of "deep", This paper summarizes the rules of word formation of "Shen" and other monosyllabic adjectives. (4) the symmetry and asymmetry of "deep" and "shallow" are described comprehensively. In this paper, a reasonable explanation is given. (5) the semantic and grammatical features of "Shen" and "kipta" are compared and analyzed. On this basis, we use synaesthesia metaphor to give a cognitive explanation. The value of this paper lies in the systematic analysis of individual adjectives by: (1). (2) the study of this paper is not only a case study of "deep" as a single adjective, The research ideas and achievements can be extended to the whole category of spatial adjectives. (3) the study of "deep" in Chinese can provide a reference for the typology of spatial adjectives. The research results of word formation and syntax can provide theoretical basis for the current teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：北京语言大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H146

【引证文献】