现代汉语事实预设动词研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 13:47

本文选题：预设 + 事实　；参考：《华东师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在现代汉语中,有一类动词,它们语义上本身能够激发一个事实预设,主要表现为动词的主语/主语从句或者宾语/宾语从句可以带一个已然性命题,且对该命题的真实性表现出一种承诺,即承诺该命题为真。反过来只有这个已然性命题是真的,使用这个动词的句子才有意义。这种动词就是我们本文所讨论的事实预设动词。本文的主要内容如下: 1、介绍了预设的由来,语义预设和语用预设,预设触发语,事实预设的研究情况以及本文的研究意义。 2、界定了本文的研究对象。包括“事实”的界定、“预设”的界定、“事实预设”的界定、“潜在事实预设”与“现实事实预设”的界定和“事实预设动词”的界定。提出了“研究对象的判定标准”,指明了“语料来源”。 3、运用演绎的方法,对事实预设动词进行了详尽的语义分类。一个事实摆在那里,或者为我们的行为所操作,或者对我们造成种种影响。我们的语言相应地陈述这种操作和影响。所以事实预设动词首先可以分为操作类和影响类两个大类。操作类包括心理行为类、言语行为类、复合行为类三个类别。其中心理行为类可以分为感官行为类、认知行为类、思维行为类、注意行为类和情感行为类5个小类;言语行为类可以分为阐述行为类、表达行为类和问答行为类三个小类;复合行为类可以分为调查行为类、登记行为类和处理行为类三个小类。影响类分为情感影响类、复合影响类和论证影响类三个类别。 4、对事实预设的语言表现进行了归纳,指出能表达事实预设的语言形式包括小句、短语结构和词三大类;对事实预设动词与其他事实预设触发语(以NP的VP为例)进行了辨析,并指出事实预设并不是由事实预设动词产生的;根据事实预设动词是否要求事实预设与之共现将事实预设动词分成了三类;我们还对事实预设动词研究的语法价值、词典释义价值和对外汉语教学价值提出了自己的看法。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, there is a kind of verb which can trigger a fact presupposition in semantics, which mainly shows that the subject / subject clause or the object / object clause of the verb can carry an already proposition. And show a kind of commitment to the truth of the proposition, that is, promise that the proposition is true. In turn, the sentence using the verb is meaningful only if the proposition is true. This verb is the factual presupposition verb we discuss in this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The origin of presupposition, semantic presupposition, pragmatic presupposition, presupposition trigger, The research situation of fact presupposition and the significance of this paper. 2, define the research object of this paper. It includes the definition of "fact", "presupposition", "presupposition of fact", "latent fact presupposition" and "realistic fact presupposition" and the definition of "factual presupposition verb". This paper puts forward the criterion of the object of study, points out the source of the corpus, and classifies the factual presupposition verbs in detail by deductive method. There is a fact that is either manipulated by our actions or has all sorts of effects on us. Our language describes this operation and influence accordingly. Therefore, the fact presupposition verb can be divided into two categories: the operation class and the influence class. The operation class includes three categories: psychological behavior class, speech act class and compound behavior class. Among them, psychological behavior can be divided into sensory behavior, cognitive behavior, thinking behavior, attention behavior and affective behavior, speech act can be divided into three subcategories: expounding behavior, expressing behavior and question-and-answer behavior. Compound behavior can be divided into investigation behavior, registration behavior and processing behavior. The influence class is divided into three categories: affective influence class, compound influence class and argumentation influence class. 4. The paper summarizes the language expression of fact presupposition, and points out that the language form which can express fact presupposition includes clauses. This paper analyzes the fact presupposition verb and other factual presupposition triggers (taking NP VP as an example), and points out that the fact presupposition is not produced by the factual presupposition verb. According to the fact presupposition verb whether the fact presupposition and the fact presupposition verb are divided into three categories, we also put forward our own views on the grammatical value of the factual presupposition verb study, the dictionary interpretation value and the teaching value of Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H146

【引证文献】