汉语“角色语言”研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 23:45

本文选题：角色语言 + 刻板印象　；参考：《华中科技大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：自从日本大阪大学研究院金水敏教授首次提出日语“役割语('Yakuwarigo' role language角色语言)”这个理论以来,日语研究从此有了新的观点和研究思路,并诞生了许多丰富的研究成果。 20世纪90年代末,中国已经诞生了用来研究角色语言的应用社会语学社会角色理论,但这跟日语的角色研究有所不同。金水敏(2003)将“角色语言”定义为：日语当中存在着某些表达方式(包括词语,语法,表达方式,语调等),人们一听到这种话语,马上就能联想起某种特定人物的年龄、性别、职业、阶层、时代,外貌,性格等；或者提到某种特定的人物的时候,人们也能够马上联想起他／她应该会说的语言,这种表达方式被称为“役割语(role language角色语言)”(金水敏《役割捂の谜》p.205) 在汉语里,人们一听“奴才该死”,就会立即联想到“太监”等皇帝的侍候者。但这种语言并不一定在自然语言中存在,而是在创作中,为了描写特定的模型人物而使用的。这种表达方式,通过教育、媒体、戏剧和电视剧等反复使用而固定化,人们继承这种虚拟现实的语言,从而固定下来,成为“角色语言”。“角色语言”可以说是人们刻板印象当中的语言。日语角色语言主要表现在自称词和句末语气词。相对于汉语角色语言,说日语的人们比较容易通过自称词和句末语气词来感知。而汉语和人物角色,比较难以认定,什么是知识分子的语言,什么是女孩子和她们的语言,什么是乡下人角色和他们的语言。定延利之说,“角色形象映于万物”。在在此篇论文中,为了揭开汉语和角色的关系,笔者根据日本学者相关的研究从以下几个方面来探讨汉语角色语言。第一、方言和角色。在日本已经有有关“哪个方言联系到什么样的人物”的研究。我们要探讨的是汉语里是否有类似的现象?人们的心目当中,存在着方言和人物形象之间的联系吗? 第二、中国传统的角色语言。我们以“官腔”、“娘娘腔”,“学生腔”为例,探讨汉语已有的“角色语言”和其性质。第三、非语言行为(体态语)和角色。笔者通过在中国生活,发现了日常生活上,汉语的非语言行为表达意思的比率,人们对别人的外貌,特别是衣着来判断对方,就是说,相对于日语,汉语的非语言行为比率更高一些。日本奥田宽(1997)对中国连环画里面的中国人体态语进行研究,阐明了连环画里的动作和角色有关系。笔者以“背着手”、“摆弄头发”,“蹲”这三个动作为例进行调查,印证了汉语里的确存在这种关系；第四、非语言(体态语)成语和男女,好人坏人角色。日本学者定延利之提倡“行为角色”这概念。“行为角色”是指动作暗示其行为的主体的时候,该主体被称为“行为角色”。汉语里,例如“婷婷玉立”不会联想到老爷爷,也不会联想到武将,一般联系到身体苗条的年轻女孩子。表示动作的词语和表达也离不开他的年龄,性别,好坏等角色。鉴于奥田宽先生(1997)相关的研究,我考察汉语的躯体和语言,体态语成语和角色的关系。第五、命名和角色。首先根据中国学者相关命名行为研究,我们探讨汉语人名是否有性别,时代,地域性的特点。然后鉴于奥田宽先生(1997)的中国革命小说里的人物的名字和好坏角色的研究,我们探讨虚拟世界里的有一些命名现象。第六、网络上的角色语言现象。日本定延利之提倡网络上的“话语角色转换”的现象。他指出这种现象是一种语言游戏。汉语网络语言里是否有类似的现象,如果有的话,到底有什么样的作用。我们探索了这个问题。第七、我们探讨作为“角色语言”来源小学语文课本。金水敏先生指出“角色语言”是通过教育、媒体、戏剧和电视剧等反复使用从而固定下来的语言。笔者认为语言课本,是除了家庭教育,街坊交流和电视等媒体以外,最大的“角色语言”传播日渠道。因此应该值得研究。将“角色语言”这个日语的研究工具,嫁接到汉语上来,是一种全新的尝试。笔者欲从上述几个方面入手,探讨汉语角色语言生态,进一步思考汉语本质性的问题。
[Abstract]:Since the first Japanese "'Yakuwarigo'role language role language" has been put forward by Professor Kim Shui min of the Osaka University Research Institute in Japan, the Japanese research has had new ideas and research ideas, and many rich research results have been born.
At the end of the 1990s, China had applied the sociolinguistic social role theory to study the role language, but it was different from the Japanese role study.
Jin Shui min (2003) defines "role language" as: there are some expressions in Japanese (including words, grammar, expressions, intonation, etc.). As soon as one hears the words, people can immediately associate the age, sex, profession, class, age, appearance, character, etc. of a particular person, or when a particular person is mentioned, People can also immediately associate the language he or she should speak, which is called the "role language role language" (>p.205).
In Chinese, when people listen to the "slaves", they are immediately associated with the "eunuchs" and other emperors. But this language does not exist in the natural language, but is used in the creation, in order to describe the specific model characters. This expression is fixed by the repeated use of education, media, drama, and TV dramas. People inherit the language of this virtual reality, which is fixed to become "role language". "Role language" can be said to be the language of stereotype.
Japanese role language is mainly manifested in the self called word and the end of sentence mood word. Compared with Chinese role language, the people who speak Japanese are more easily perceived by the self proclaimed words and the end of sentence mood words. While the Chinese and the characters are difficult to identify, what is the language of the intellectuals, what is the girl and their language, and what is the role of the country man. And their language.
In this paper, in this paper, in order to uncover the relationship between Chinese and role, the author discusses the Chinese role language in the following aspects according to the related research of Japanese scholars.
First, dialects and roles. In Japan, there has been a study of "which dialect is linked to what kind of character". What we want to discuss is whether there is a similar phenomenon in Chinese? Is there a connection between dialects and characters in people's mind?
Second, Chinese traditional role language. We take "bureaucratic", "sissy", "student cavity" as an example to explore the existing "role language" and its nature in Chinese.
Third, non verbal behavior (body language) and role. By living in China, I found the ratio of non verbal expressions in Chinese daily life, people's appearance, especially clothes, to judge each other, that is to say, relative to the Japanese, the non language behavior ratio of Chinese is higher. Japanese AOTIN (1997) to China The Chinese human body language in the comic book is studied, and the relationship between the action and the role in the comic picture is clarified. The author investigates the three movements as "back to the start", "fiddle the hair" and "squat" as an example, and confirms that there is a true relationship in Chinese.
Fourth, non language (body language) idioms and men and women, the bad character of good people. Japanese scholar set the concept of "behavior role". "Behavioral role" means that when action implies the subject of its behavior, the subject is called "behavioral role". In Chinese, for example, "ting Ting Yu Li" does not associate the old grandfather, nor does it associate it. A young girl who is generally associated with a slim body. The words and expressions of action can not be separated from his age, sex, and good or bad. In view of the related research of Mr. Okuda Hiroshi (1997), I examine the relationship between the body and language of Chinese, the idioms and the roles of the body.
Fifth, naming and role. First of all, according to the research on the related naming behavior of Chinese scholars, we discuss whether Chinese names have sex, age, and regional characteristics. Then, in view of the name and character of the characters in the Chinese revolutionary novels by Mr. Okuda Hiroshi (1997), we discuss some of the naming phenomena in the virtual world.
Sixth, the phenomenon of role language on the Internet. The phenomenon of "discourse role transformation" on the Internet, which is advocated by the Japanese firm. He points out that this phenomenon is a language game. If there is a similar phenomenon in the Chinese network language, if any, we have explored the problem.
Seventh, we discuss the primary language textbooks as the source of "role language". Mr. Jinshui min points out that "role language" is the language which is fixed by repeated use of education, media, drama and TV play. I think the language textbook is the largest "role language" besides family education, neighborhood communication and TV media. "Communication day channel. Therefore, it should be worth studying.
It is a new attempt to grafted the Japanese research tool of "role language" in Japanese. The author would like to start from the above aspects to discuss the language ecology of Chinese role and further think about the essence of Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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