基于对外汉语教学的成语语义透明度分析

发布时间：2018-07-04 18:26

本文选题：对外汉语 + 成语　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：成语是现代汉语词汇的重要组成部分,它以典雅、含蓄、生动、犀利的特点而成为汉语的精华,富有深厚的民族文化特征。对于外国学习者来说,能否准确无误地使用成语,也是衡量他们汉语是否流利的标志之一。在对外汉语教学中,学生在学习汉语的初级阶段和成语的接触很少,日常会话中也难以用到成语,但当留学生进入中高级阶段后,成语就成为非常重要的学习内容之一。科学有效地进行成语教学能够帮助留学生正确理解和掌握成语,激发他们学习汉语的兴趣,有助于丰富他们的语言文化知识,加深对中国文化的理解,提升他们的汉语表达水平和交际能力。对外汉语教学过程中成语教学内容的研究比较匮乏,对于什么成语可以教,什么成语不需教没有界定,对于不同教学阶段成语学习的要求也没有详细的说明,没有形成一个具有指导性、可行性和系统性的成语教学理论体系。所以本文欲借助语料库和对外汉语《词汇大纲》确定对外汉语教学成语层次范围,根据“语素义本身是否常用”、“整体是否等于字面义相加”分析成语语义的透明度,将成语划分出不同的习得等级,制定出汉语成语等级表,按照一个由易到难的次序展开成语教学,使学习者逐步掌握成语,并且通过对语素义的讲解增强对于不透明成语理解的精确性,以便提高成语的教学成效。
[Abstract]:Idiom is an important part of modern Chinese vocabulary, it is elegant, implicit, vivid, sharp features and become the essence of Chinese, rich with profound national cultural characteristics. For foreign learners, the accurate use of idioms is also a measure of their fluency in Chinese. In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, students have little contact with idioms in the primary stage of learning Chinese, and it is difficult to use idioms in daily conversation. However, idioms become one of the most important learning contents when foreign students enter the middle and advanced stage. Scientific and effective teaching of idioms can help foreign students to understand and master idioms correctly, stimulate their interest in learning Chinese, enrich their knowledge of language and culture, and deepen their understanding of Chinese culture. Improve their Chinese expression and communication skills. In the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, the research on the content of idiom teaching is relatively scarce. There is no definition of what idioms can be taught, what idioms need not be taught, and there is no detailed explanation of the requirements of idiom learning in different teaching stages. It has not formed a guiding, feasible and systematic idiom teaching theory system. Therefore, this paper intends to determine the level range of idioms in teaching Chinese as a foreign language with the help of corpus and the outline of Vocabulary in TCFL, and analyze the semantic transparency of idioms according to "whether the morpheme itself is commonly used" and "whether the whole is equal to the addition of literal meanings". The idiom is divided into different levels of acquisition, and the Chinese idiom level table is worked out. The idiom teaching is carried out according to the order from easy to difficult, so that the learner can master the idiom step by step. In order to improve the teaching effect of idioms, the accuracy of understanding opaque idioms is enhanced by explaining morpheme meanings.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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