含VP形式的植物名称研究
发布时间：2018-08-11 12:38
【摘要】：人们在给世界万物命名时,总是有意或无意地以其某些特征指称其名,从而简洁明了地赋予其独特性。研究植物的命名可谓意蕴丰富,具体而微地研究含VP形式的植物名称,更兼具学理与生活双重价值。含VP形式的植物名称既可以是指称植物的名词,也可以用作动词短语进入话语使用,这与常规的植物名称多以名词性成分命名的情况有较大的差异,具有其他植物名称所不具备的特点和研究价值。本文的正文由四部分即以下四章构成。第一章研究含VP形式植物名称的句法结构。研究发现,含VP形式的植物名称具有极强的句法特征,其形式包括述宾结构、状中偏正结构、主谓结构、述补结构、连谓结构、兼语结构和动词联合结构等方面,其中述宾结构的植物名称所占比例较大。第二章研究含VP形式植物名称的构成方式及特点。首先提出并分析含VP形式植物名称的五种构成方式,即韵律压制、转指、隐喻、紧缩和变异的方式。其次分析含VP形式植物名称的四大构成特点,即三音节为主、陈述性强、理据性强和口语化的特点。第三章研究含VP形式植物名称的命名理据及语义构成。首先从特征、功能、文化和综合等方面分析含VP形式植物名称的命名理据,主要观点是,含VP形式的植物名称大多是别名,语义上大多用以说明四点:一是描摹植物的动态形象;二是植物的功效和作用;三是提示植物生长或死亡的时间周期;四是利用其他主体的反馈信息转指该植物。其次分析含VP形式植物名称的语义构成,将该类植物名称分为“构词成分之和等于整体词义”和“构词成分之和不等于整体词意”两类,其中构词成分之和等于整体词义并转指施事的含VP形式植物名称数量较多。第四章通过问卷和访谈的方法,分别对汉语母语者和非汉语母语者进行相关植物名称认知度考察。通过分析,我们认为汉语母语者在初识这类植物名称时并不容易认可和接受,而且这类名称在植物名称中不占主流,但在了解植物特点和习性后,含VP形式的植物名称的深层含义使其具有很强的生命力。对于非汉语母语者,VP类植物名称在结构上的特殊性并不能引起他们的注意,而在颜色、形状和气味等理据上的命名更容易为他们理解和记忆,因此,在对外汉语教学中,我们建议:教学对象应该选择高年级的汉语学习者;注意强调其与VP结构短语的区别;加强内部语义结构的讲解。总之,论文从语法、语义和认知等多重视角分析含VP形式的植物名称,该类别在植物名称中所占的比重虽小,但在人们认知世界的实践中所占比重却不小。这对于把握汉民族对客观事物的认知方式及特点有着非常重要的理论意义和实际意义。
[Abstract]:When people name everything in the world, they always refer to it by some of its characteristics intentionally or unintentionally, so as to give it its uniqueness succinctly. The study of plant nomenclature is rich in meaning. It is of great value both in theory and life to study the plant name with VP form concretely and slightly. A plant name with VP form can be used either as a noun to refer to a plant or as a verb phrase to enter a discourse, which is quite different from the situation in which a plant name is usually named by a nominal component. With other plant names do not have the characteristics and research value. The text of this paper is composed of four parts, the following four chapters. Chapter one studies the syntactic structure of plant names with VP form. It is found that the plant names with VP form have very strong syntactic characteristics. The forms of plant names include the object structure, the partial structure, the subject-predicate structure, the adjunct structure and the verb joint structure, etc. Among them, the plant name of object structure occupies a large proportion. The second chapter studies the composition and characteristics of plant names with VP form. Firstly, five forms of plant names with VP form, namely prosodic suppression, transfer, metaphor, contraction and variation, are proposed and analyzed. Secondly, this paper analyzes the four characteristics of plant names with VP form, that is, three syllable, strong declarative, strong motivation and colloquial characteristics. Chapter three studies the naming motivation and semantic constitution of plant names with VP form. Firstly, this paper analyzes the naming motivation of plant names with VP form from the aspects of characteristics, functions, culture and synthesis. The main point of view is that the plant names with VP form are mostly aliases. Semantics are mostly used to illustrate the four points: first, describe the dynamic image of plants; second, the efficacy and role of plants; third, indicate the time period of plant growth or death; fourth, use the feedback information of other subjects to refer to the plant. Secondly, the semantic composition of plant names with VP form is analyzed. The plant names are divided into two categories: "the sum of word-forming components is equal to the whole word meaning" and "the sum of word-formation components is not equal to the whole word meaning". Among them, the sum of word-formation components is equal to the whole word meaning and the number of VP form plant names is more. The fourth chapter investigates the recognition of Chinese native speakers and non-native speakers by means of questionnaires and interviews. Through the analysis, we think that the native speakers of Chinese are not easy to recognize and accept this kind of plant names when they first know them, and this kind of names do not occupy the mainstream in plant names, but after understanding the characteristics and habits of plants, The deep meaning of the plant name with VP form makes it have strong vitality. For non-native Chinese native speakers, the structural particularity of VP plant names can not attract their attention, but the naming in color, shape and smell is easier for them to understand and remember. Therefore, in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, it is easier for them to understand and remember. We suggest that the teaching target should be the senior Chinese learners, pay attention to the differences between them and the VP structure phrases, and strengthen the explanation of the internal semantic structure. In a word, the paper analyzes the plant names with VP form from the perspectives of grammar, semantics and cognition. Although the proportion of this category in plant names is small, it is not small in the practice of people's cognition of the world. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to grasp the cognitive style and characteristics of objective things in Han nationality.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3
本文编号：2177016
[Abstract]:When people name everything in the world, they always refer to it by some of its characteristics intentionally or unintentionally, so as to give it its uniqueness succinctly. The study of plant nomenclature is rich in meaning. It is of great value both in theory and life to study the plant name with VP form concretely and slightly. A plant name with VP form can be used either as a noun to refer to a plant or as a verb phrase to enter a discourse, which is quite different from the situation in which a plant name is usually named by a nominal component. With other plant names do not have the characteristics and research value. The text of this paper is composed of four parts, the following four chapters. Chapter one studies the syntactic structure of plant names with VP form. It is found that the plant names with VP form have very strong syntactic characteristics. The forms of plant names include the object structure, the partial structure, the subject-predicate structure, the adjunct structure and the verb joint structure, etc. Among them, the plant name of object structure occupies a large proportion. The second chapter studies the composition and characteristics of plant names with VP form. Firstly, five forms of plant names with VP form, namely prosodic suppression, transfer, metaphor, contraction and variation, are proposed and analyzed. Secondly, this paper analyzes the four characteristics of plant names with VP form, that is, three syllable, strong declarative, strong motivation and colloquial characteristics. Chapter three studies the naming motivation and semantic constitution of plant names with VP form. Firstly, this paper analyzes the naming motivation of plant names with VP form from the aspects of characteristics, functions, culture and synthesis. The main point of view is that the plant names with VP form are mostly aliases. Semantics are mostly used to illustrate the four points: first, describe the dynamic image of plants; second, the efficacy and role of plants; third, indicate the time period of plant growth or death; fourth, use the feedback information of other subjects to refer to the plant. Secondly, the semantic composition of plant names with VP form is analyzed. The plant names are divided into two categories: "the sum of word-forming components is equal to the whole word meaning" and "the sum of word-formation components is not equal to the whole word meaning". Among them, the sum of word-formation components is equal to the whole word meaning and the number of VP form plant names is more. The fourth chapter investigates the recognition of Chinese native speakers and non-native speakers by means of questionnaires and interviews. Through the analysis, we think that the native speakers of Chinese are not easy to recognize and accept this kind of plant names when they first know them, and this kind of names do not occupy the mainstream in plant names, but after understanding the characteristics and habits of plants, The deep meaning of the plant name with VP form makes it have strong vitality. For non-native Chinese native speakers, the structural particularity of VP plant names can not attract their attention, but the naming in color, shape and smell is easier for them to understand and remember. Therefore, in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, it is easier for them to understand and remember. We suggest that the teaching target should be the senior Chinese learners, pay attention to the differences between them and the VP structure phrases, and strengthen the explanation of the internal semantic structure. In a word, the paper analyzes the plant names with VP form from the perspectives of grammar, semantics and cognition. Although the proportion of this category in plant names is small, it is not small in the practice of people's cognition of the world. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to grasp the cognitive style and characteristics of objective things in Han nationality.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3
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