学科生态系统:论世界一流学科的生长基质——基于组织生态学的理论建构

发布时间：2018-05-15 15:30

本文选题：学科生态系统 + 世界一流学科　；参考：《江苏高教》2017年04期

【摘要】：作为典型的知识型组织,学科本质上是一种"自我传导的"组织范式,其成长过程具有遗传与变异、竞争与合作、适应与发展等生态学特征。世界一流学科生成于良好的学科生态系统之中,那么,未来的研究应该聚焦于一流学科的生长基质——学科生态系统,而非本体论或实践论意义上的自我审视。组织生态学为学科生态系统的构建提供了坚实的理论基础,系统以学科组织个体、组织种群、组织群落为基本单位,围绕知识材料的生产、传播、应用等活动,形成一个自然演化、动态生长、自我调控的组织网络。在此基础上,分别阐述了学科生态系统的分析框架及其演化机理,其中,学科生态系统的分析框架由学科组织、耦合网络、治理结构、绩效考核四个方面构成,它们为学科生态系统的构建及其研究提供了新的思路和方法;学科生态系统的演化机理主要体现在学科组织个体的生长、学科组织之间的竞争与合作,以及学科生态系统与环境之间的动态调控,前者观照知识增长、学者使命、组织结构对学科组织生长的推动作用,后者重视学科组织间的有序竞争、协同共生,以及系统与环境之间的适应与变革。
[Abstract]:As a typical knowledge organization, discipline is essentially a kind of "self-conducting" organizational paradigm. Its growing process has ecological characteristics such as heredity and variation, competition and cooperation, adaptation and development, etc. The world first class discipline is produced in the good discipline ecosystem, so the future research should focus on the growth matrix of the first class discipline-the discipline ecosystem, rather than the self-examination in the sense of ontology or practice. Organizational ecology provides a solid theoretical basis for the construction of the subject ecosystem. The system takes the subject organization individual, organizational population and organizational community as the basic unit, and revolves around the production, dissemination and application of knowledge materials. Form a natural evolution, dynamic growth, self-regulation of the network of organizations. On this basis, the analytical framework and its evolution mechanism of the subject ecosystem are expounded respectively. Among them, the analysis framework of the subject ecosystem is composed of four aspects: discipline organization, coupling network, governance structure, performance evaluation, etc. They provide new ideas and methods for the construction and research of the subject ecosystem, and the evolution mechanism of the discipline ecosystem is mainly embodied in the growth of the individual of the discipline organization, the competition and cooperation among the discipline organizations. And the dynamic regulation between the subject ecosystem and the environment. The former emphasizes the growth of knowledge, the mission of scholars and the structure of organization to promote the growth of discipline organization, the latter pays attention to the orderly competition among discipline organizations, and co-exists with each other. And the adaptation and change between system and environment.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学教育学院;
【基金】：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)(17XNH033)
【分类号】：G642.3

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