西方功利主义思想对大学生价值观的消极影响及对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 17:25

本文选题：功利主义 + 大学生　；参考：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大学生价值观研究始终是思想政治教育研究领域的重点和难点。大学生价值观受西方功利主义思想的影响呈现出功利化的倾向。随着世界经济的不断发展,西方功利主义深入人心,对大学生价值观的消极影响也逐渐显现出来并呈现出蔓延的趋势。本文以马克思主义功利观和社会主义核心价值观为指导,结合我国传统义利观的特点,通过对西方功利主义思想的理论研究结合大学生自身特点,分析西方功利主义思想对大学生价值观产生消极影响的原因,并提出相应的对策来消解西方功利主义思想对大学生的消极影响。西方功利主义对大学生价值观消极影响主要表现在四个方面,一是西方功利主义的资本主义色彩造成大学生政治信仰淡漠;二是西方功利主义的结果导向使得大学生道德原则具有矛盾性;三是西方功利主义幸福观的主观性致使大学生缺乏创造“幸福的能力”;四是西方功利主义的利己主义导致大学生成为“精致的利己主义者”的行为表现。具体表现为学习观趋于实用化,人际交往功利化,职业选择趋向利益先行标准和社会服务功利化。西方功利主义对大学生价值观产生消极影响的原因分析主要从三个角度进行分析。一是从社会环境角度分析产生消极影响的原因。西方功利主义思想多角度渗透削弱社会主义核心价值观引领作用;市场经济条件下对个人利益的追逐造成人生价值扭曲;传统文化向现代文化转型导致应对功利主义的文化自信不足。二是从教育环境分析产生消极影响的原因。首先,义利观教育的缺失使大学生更易受西方功利主义思想影响。其次,价值观教育方法落使大学生更易接受西方功利主义思想。最后,不良家庭教育促进西方功利主义对大学生价值观的影响。三是,从大学生角度分析产生消极影响的原因。大学生价值观尚未成熟易受西方功利主义思想影响,同辈群体相互影响有助于西方功利主义思想传播。第四部分是根据原因提出相应的对策。首先,加强理论建设,用中国理论解决中国问题。具体包括三个方面,一是加强社会主义核心价值观引领;二是构建社会主义市场经济伦理思想;三是促进传统文化与现代文化有机融合。其次,提升教育水平,用正确价值观对大学生进行引领。一是要加强正确义利观教育引导大学生树立正确义利观;二是显性与隐性相结合的教育方式提高价值观教育效果;三是利用校园文化进行价值观教育淡化功利主义思想;家庭修正错误的教育理念。最后,提高个人能力,有效抵制错误价值观影响。具体包括,一是加强理论学习提高对功利主义的辨别能力;二是加强自我反思教育树立远大的理想信念;三是积极参加校园活动提升精神境界。
[Abstract]:The study of college students' values is always the focus and difficulty in the field of ideological and political education. The values of college students are influenced by western utilitarianism. With the continuous development of the world economy, western utilitarianism is deeply popular, and the negative influence on the values of college students is gradually emerging and showing a trend of spread. Under the guidance of Marxist utilitarian view and socialist core values, combined with the characteristics of Chinese traditional view of justice and profit, this paper combines the characteristics of college students with the theoretical study of western utilitarianism. This paper analyzes the causes of the negative influence of western utilitarianism on college students' values, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures to eliminate the negative influence of western utilitarianism on college students. The negative influence of western utilitarianism on college students' values is mainly manifested in four aspects: first, the capitalist color of western utilitarianism causes the college students' political belief to be indifferent; Second, the result orientation of western utilitarianism makes the moral principles of college students contradictory, third, the subjectivity of western utilitarianism happiness makes college students lack the ability to create happiness. Fourthly, the western utilitarian egoism leads college students to be "exquisite egoists". The concrete manifestation is that learning view tends to be practical, interpersonal communication is utilitarian, career choice tends to benefit first standard and social service utilitarianism. Western utilitarianism has a negative impact on college students' values from three angles. One is from the social environment angle analysis produces the negative influence the reason. Western utilitarianism permeates and weakens the leading role of socialist core values from many angles, the pursuit of personal interests under the market economy results in the distortion of life value; The transition from traditional culture to modern culture leads to a lack of cultural confidence in dealing with utilitarianism. Second, from the educational environment analysis of the causes of negative impact. First of all, the lack of justice and profit education makes college students more susceptible to the influence of western utilitarianism. Secondly, the method of value education makes college students more receptive to western utilitarianism. Finally, bad family education promotes the influence of western utilitarianism on college students' values. Third, from the perspective of college students to analyze the causes of negative impact. College students' values are not mature and easy to be influenced by western utilitarianism, and peer groups influence each other to spread western utilitarianism. The fourth part is to put forward the corresponding countermeasures according to the reasons. First of all, strengthen the theoretical construction, using the Chinese theory to solve China's problems. It includes three aspects, one is to strengthen the guidance of socialist core values, the other is to construct the ethical thought of socialist market economy, and the third is to promote the organic integration of traditional culture and modern culture. Second, improve the level of education, with the correct values to guide college students. First, it is necessary to strengthen the correct view of justice and profit education to guide college students to set up a correct view of justice and profit; second, to improve the educational effect of values by combining explicit and implicit education; third, to make use of campus culture to desalinate the utilitarian idea of value education; The family corrects the wrong educational idea. Finally, improve personal ability and effectively resist the influence of wrong values. Specifically, the first is to strengthen the theoretical learning to improve the discrimination of utilitarianism; the second is to strengthen self-reflection education to establish lofty ideals and beliefs; third, to take an active part in campus activities to enhance the spiritual realm.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G641

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