护理学专业学生自主学习能力量表常模构建

发布时间：2018-08-03 08:07

【摘要】：随着医疗护理领域新知识、新技术的不断涌现和持续更新,培养终身学习、与时俱进,具备较强自主学习能力的高素质护理人才已成为高等护理教育的主要任务。而在培养过程中需要了解护生原有能力水平和学习缺陷,寻找影响自主学习能力培养效果的因素,检验自主学习能力培养目标的实现水平,这使得对护生的自主学习能力进行科学、量化的测评成为必需。但自主学习能力作为一种心理特性,具有内隐性,难以直接测量,为此,本课题组在前期的研究中自主研制了护理专业大学生自主学习能力量表。自研发以来,该量表在全国范围内得到了广泛的应用,为探究护生自主学习能力倾向及其相关因素,判断护生自主学习能力的培养效果提供了有效的工具。但由于未建立常模,该量表的评价缺乏可供比较的普遍性指标,无法通过获得的分数准确地判断出被试干预前后自主学习能力在整体中的水平,难以发现学习缺陷的所在或清晰的解释干预的效果。基于量表实际应用的要求,本课题拟通过对该量表在全国范围内应用的二次数据进行分析,构建护理学专业学生自主学习能力量表的总体及分类常模,为护生自主学习能力的评价提供可供比较的普遍性指标。第一部分,概述研究背景及现状。借鉴前期研究成果,对自主学习能力和常模等关键概念进行了界定。简单介绍了自主学习能力模型及要素。并对自主学习相关量表、量表的常模构建情况的研究现状进行了介绍、分析。第二部分,数据库的建立及数据特征检验。在收集2007至2015年该量表在全国范围内应用数据的基础上,建立数据库,生成可供直接分析的变量,并对数据进行筛选、整理,删除了有缺失值、错误值、离群值、全部选择同一选项、选项有循环递增或递减规律的数据及某整体得分偏低且不具代表性的学校共141份数据,以获取有代表性的大样本资料共4309例。分类建立东中西部地区数据库、城市级别数据库、男女性别数据库、学历数据库等分数据库,为量表质量检验的分析打下基础。进一步验证了这4309例数据的代表性、正态性和时间稳定性,为后继的数据分析打好基础,为常模建立做好铺垫。第三部分,检验量表用于不同对象时的信效度。采用SPSS 21.0分别检验量表应用于总体及不同性别、学历、地区、城市级别的护生的Cronbachα系数、分半信度。采用AMOS17.0软件依照课题组前期研究所得的理论模型构建二阶结构方程模型用以验证其结构效度。结果发现除中部地区外,信度都大于0.7,除了中、西部地区以外,绝对拟和指数GFI都大于0.8,且中、西部地区绝对拟和指数GFI大于0.79,确认了量表应用的普适性。第四部分,护理专业学生自主学习能力量表总体及分类常模的构建。多因素方差分析、单因素分析和多元线性回归分析结果显示自主学习量表得分的主要人口学影响因素为地区因素及学历年级因素。根据影响因素对常模团体进行分类,结合文献研究及专家意见最终构建了总体及地区、学历年级的均数、百分位数、划界分、标准分常模。讨论了常模构建过程中的科学性和局限性及相应的弥补办法。并通过示例,介绍了护理学专业学生自主学习能力量表常模具体如何应用,详细阐述常模的三种功能:(1)描述被试的分数在常模团体中的相对位置;(2)比较分属不同常模团体的被试的结果;(3)对同一被试在不同测验中所得的结果进行比较。第五部分,结合二次数据分析我国护生自主学习能力现状。依据各条目、维度、分量表得分可知我国护生自主学习能力中的自我管理能力和学习合作能力较强,而信息能力较弱。结合前文中所分析的我国护理学专业学生自主学习能力的人口学影响因素,分类讨论了各常模团体之间的差异:东部地区学生自主学习能力总体来说强于中西部地区学生;高年级学生自主学习能力普遍强于低年级学生;本科和大专护生明显强于中专护生。
[Abstract]:With the new knowledge in the field of medical care, the continuous emergence and continuous renewal of new technology, the training of high quality nursing talents with a strong self-learning ability has become the main task of higher nursing education, which needs to know the ability level and learning defects of the nursing students in the process of training, and to find the influence of autonomous learning in the process of training. The factors of learning ability training effect, test the realization level of the self-learning ability training goal, which makes it necessary to carry out scientific and quantitative evaluation of the self-learning ability of the nursing students. However, the independent learning ability is a psychological characteristic, which is implicit and difficult to be measured directly. Therefore, the research group has independently developed it in the previous study. Since R & D, the scale has been widely used throughout the country since R & D. It provides an effective tool for exploring the tendency of self-learning ability and its related factors and judging the training effect of the self-learning ability of the nursing students. The universal index of comparison can not accurately determine the level of the autonomous learning ability in the whole before and after the intervention, and it is difficult to find the effect of the learning defect or the clear interpretation of the intervention. Based on the requirement of the actual application of the scale, the subject is to pass the two data of the application of the scale to the whole country. The overall and classified norm of the self-learning ability scale of nursing students was constructed, and the general indexes were provided for the evaluation of the self-learning ability of the nursing students. Part 1, the background and current situation of the study were summarized. The key concepts of the ability and norm of autonomous learning were defined by using the previous research results. This paper introduces the model and elements of independent learning ability, and introduces the research status of the independent learning related scale and the constant model construction of the scale. The second part, the establishment of the database and the test of the data characteristics. Based on the collection of data from 2007 to 2015, the database is set up and the production can be generated directly. The analysis of variables, and the data screening, sorting, delete the missing values, error values, outliers, all select the same option, the option has a cyclic increasing or decreasing law of data and a overall score of low and non representative schools total of 141 data, in order to obtain representative large sample data of 4309 cases. Classification establishment of East and West. The regional database, the city level database, the sex database of men and women, the database of educational background, and the basis of the analysis of the quality test of the scale. Further verify the representation, normality and time stability of the 4309 data, lay the foundation for the subsequent data analysis and make a good paving for the establishment of the normal model. The third part, the inspection quantity The reliability and validity of the table used for different objects. The SPSS 21 test scale is applied to the Cronbach alpha coefficients of the overall and different sex, educational, regional, urban level, and half confidence. The structure validity of the two order equation model is constructed by using the AMOS17.0 software in accordance with the theoretical model obtained by the previous research group. It was found that the reliability of the fruit was more than 0.7 except in the central region. In addition to the western region, the absolute quasi and index GFI were both greater than 0.8, and the absolute quasi and index GFI in the western region were more than 0.79, confirming the universality of the scale application. The fourth part, the construction of the general model and the classification norm of the self-learning ability of nursing students. The results of single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis show that the main demographic factors of the autonomous learning scale are regional factors and grade factors. According to the influence factors, the general model group is classified, and the overall and area, the average number, the percentile and the percentile of the academic grade are finally constructed by the literature research and the expert opinion. The scientific nature and limitation of the norm building process and the corresponding remedy are discussed. Through examples, the application of the norm of the self-learning ability scale of the nursing students is introduced, and the three functions of the norm are described in detail: (1) the relative position of the scores in the normal model group is described; (2) the comparison is made. It belongs to the results of the subjects of different norm groups; (3) compare the results of the same subjects in different tests. The fifth part, combined with the two data, analyzes the status of the self-learning ability of the nursing students in China. According to the items, dimensions and subscales, we can know the self-management ability and the learning cooperation ability of the autonomous learning ability of the nursing students in China. According to the influence factors of the demography of the autonomous learning ability of Chinese nursing students in the previous article, the differences between the groups are classified and discussed. The students' autonomous learning ability in the eastern region is stronger than the students in the middle and western regions, and the students' autonomous learning ability is generally lower than that of the lower students in the eastern region. Grade students; undergraduate and college nursing students were significantly better than secondary school nursing students.
【学位授予单位】：第二军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R47-4;G642

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