高校毕业生返乡就业的性别差异:趋势与特点

发布时间：2018-09-08 12:30

【摘要】：本文以推拉理论为基础,利用2003-2013年全国高校毕业生就业调查数据,分析了毕业生返乡就业中的性别差异,研究发现:女性返乡就业的热情逐渐高涨,且多在事业单位就业,而返乡就业的男性多在国有企业就业;返乡就业的女性在省会城市或直辖市就业的比例略高,而男性的就业满意度更高。在控制了个人和家庭基本特征及各省的经济发展水平、房价等变量后,女性比男性返乡就业的可能性更大,到生源省和院校省以外的他省就业的可能性更小;中部生源的女性更加倾向于返乡就业,东部生源的女性更加倾向于返乡就业而非他省就业,西部生源的女性更加倾向于院校地就业;男性返乡就业所受到的影响因素更为一致,如家庭背景、地方经济发展水平、生源省与院校省的距离等。文章据此提出了进一步的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the push-pull theory and the data of the National Survey of College graduates' Employment from 2003 to 2013, this paper analyzes the gender differences in the employment of graduates returning to their hometown, and finds that the enthusiasm of women returning to their hometown for employment is gradually rising, and most of them are employed in public institutions. The proportion of women returning to their hometown for employment in provincial capitals or municipalities is slightly higher, while the employment satisfaction of men is higher. After controlling the basic characteristics of individual and family, the economic development level of each province, housing price and other variables, women are more likely than men to return to their hometown for employment, and the possibility of employment in other provinces other than the provinces of students and colleges is less; The female students from the central region tend to return to work, the women from the east tend to return to their hometown rather than from other provinces, the women from the west tend to be employed in colleges and universities, and the factors that affect the employment of the men returning to their hometown are more consistent. Such as family background, local economic development level, the distance between the province of origin of students and colleges and universities. Based on this, further policy suggestions are put forward.
【作者单位】：北京大学教育学院/教育经济研究所;
【基金】：2016年北京市社会科学基金“逃离北上广:北京地区高校毕业生离京就业行为研究”(16JYC015) 2016年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“经济新常态下的教育与劳动力市场的相互作用研究”(16JJD880005)
【分类号】：G647.38

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