基于3S的廊坊市居住用地集约利用评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 19:36

本文选题：集约利用 + 居住用地　；参考：《东北农业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市土地是城市经济发展的最基本要素，，是社会、经济、文化等各种活动的载体。国民经济的高速增长，城市人口的快速膨胀必然导致对居住用地的需求量增加，给城市土地资源带来巨大的空间和环境压力，而我国大多数城市存量土地有限，闲置、浪费现象严重，为缓解土地供需矛盾，满足居民生活的多样化需求，居住用地集约利用是我国经济持续发展和提高土地利用效率的必然选择。提高城市土地集约利用水平是满足城市建设用地供给的重要途径。本文以廊坊市城区2010年居住用地为研究对象，分析近年来居住用地利用情况以及存在问题：土地闲置情况较严重，开发住宅用地标准不合理，住宅用地利用强度不高，房地产发展持续升温，耕地流失情况严重等。并在此基础上以道路网格划分评价单元，通过选取结构合理度、功能平衡状态和综合效益状况3个一级类指标，以及住宅用地比例、住宅容积率、人口密度、平均楼层、住宅地价实现水平等13个二级类指标，构建评价指标体系。基于遥感影像数据以及实地调查，利用ENVI遥感影像处理软件和ARCGIS地理信息系统软件，采用层次分析法和多因素综合评价法测算出各个居住用地评价单元的集约度，以此划分出从高到低的四种利用类型并从时间和空间上对评价结果进行了详尽的分析。对低度利用和中度利用单元进行潜力研究，通过规划允许容积率用地潜力测算，得出从高、中、低三种潜力类型，分析各评价单元的可挖潜数量及其分布，最后根据评价结果提出合理化建议。研究表明：廊坊市居住用地集约利用水平较高，并且表现为逐年增高。空间差异大，特征显著，整体集约利用水平安次区高于广阳区；中度利用和低度利用的地块主要分布在廊坊市步行街以北，集约利用和高度利用的地块主要分布在市中心和铁路沿线附近。虽然集约利用水平较高，但仍有较大潜力空间，中度潜力区所占面积最大。并且高潜力区和中潜力区主要以低度利用类型为主，低潜力区以中度利用类型为主。居住用地面积潜力空间差异显著，表现为广阳区高于安次区，广阳区的面积潜力单元主要分布于步行街以北，呈现南高北低的态势。廊坊市居住用地整体集约度较高，但仍有较大的利用潜力；各片区居住用地集约度不同，潜力分布也有较大差异；市中心和铁路两侧集约度高，潜力小；步行街以北集约度低，潜力大。因此，确定了廊坊市的今后发展方向，与实际相符。
[Abstract]:Urban land is the most basic element of urban economic development and the carrier of social, economic, cultural and other activities. The rapid growth of national economy and the rapid expansion of urban population will inevitably lead to the increase of demand for residential land, which will bring huge space and environmental pressure to urban land resources. However, most of the urban land stock in China is limited and idle. The phenomenon of waste is serious. In order to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of land and to meet the diverse needs of residents, intensive use of residential land is the inevitable choice for sustainable economic development and improving the efficiency of land use in China. Raising the level of intensive use of urban land is an important way to satisfy the supply of urban construction land. Taking the residential land of Langfang city in 2010 as the research object, this paper analyzes the situation of residential land use and the existing problems in recent years: the idle condition of land is serious, the standard of developing residential land is unreasonable, and the intensity of residential land use is not high. Real estate development continues to heat up, serious loss of cultivated land and so on. On this basis, the evaluation unit is divided by road grid. By selecting three first-class indexes, such as structural rationality, functional balance and comprehensive benefit, as well as the proportion of residential land, residential volume ratio, population density and average floor, the paper analyzes the results of this paper. The realization level of residential land price is 13 second-class indexes, and the evaluation index system is constructed. Based on remote sensing image data and field investigation, using ENVI remote sensing image processing software and ARCGIS GIS software, AHP and multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method are used to calculate the intensity of each residential land evaluation unit. Four utilization types from high to low were classified and the evaluation results were analyzed in detail in terms of time and space. In this paper, the potential of low and medium utilization units is studied. Through the calculation of the potential of land use by planning allowable volume rate, three potential types, namely high, middle and low potential, are obtained, and the number and distribution of potential of each evaluation unit are analyzed. Finally, according to the evaluation results, some reasonable suggestions are put forward. Research shows that: Langfang residential land intensive use level is high, and performance is increasing year by year. The overall intensive utilization level in Anci area is higher than that in Guangyang district, and the land plots with moderate and low utilization are mainly distributed north of pedestrian street in Langfang city. Intensive and high-use plots are mainly distributed in the city center and along the railway line. Although intensive utilization level is relatively high, there is still a large potential space, and the area of moderate potential area is the largest. The high and middle potential areas are mainly of low utilization type, and the low potential areas are mainly of moderate utilization type. The spatial difference of the potential of residential land area is significant, which shows that the area potential unit of Guangyang district is higher than that of Anci district, and the area potential unit of Guangyang district is mainly distributed north of pedestrian street, showing the trend of south high and north low. The intensity of residential land in Langfang City is high, but it still has great potential. The intensity of residential land is different and the distribution of potential is different. The intensity of urban center and railway is high, the potential is small, and the intensity of pedestrian street is low north of pedestrian street. There is great potential. Therefore, the future development direction of Langfang City is determined, which is consistent with reality.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;P228.4;P237;F301.2

【参考文献】