广州市绿道工程效益评估

发布时间：2018-05-26 12:56

本文选题：广州市 + 绿网建设　；参考：《中国林业科学研究院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：广州市作为珠三角绿道建设的先河，已成为其他城市绿道建设学习的示范基地，量化评估广州绿道建设的生态效应、环境效应、社会效应经济效益等方面成效，既对地方政府公共项目绩效评估的具有理论意义，同时也对珠三角绿道网规划建设决策提供科学依据具有现实意义。通过评估分析，得到如下结论：（1）在生态效益方面，广州市的绿道工程，一方面改善了交通出行方式，一年可以减少碳排放248万吨，相当于每年增加2.42个白云山公园。91%的广州市民同意绿道网有助于人们选择绿色出行，减少碳排放量的功能。同时，绿道的建设增加了城市绿地面积，大面积提升了负离子含量，绿道产氧气量达443340t，价值量约13.30亿元，城市绿地空气负离子浓度平均为426个/cm3，，对于提高广州市的空气质量和缓解城市病有重要意义。在调节温湿度，缓解热岛效应上，广州绿道系统有着极大的贡献，按每年按2个月使用空调计算，每年可为广州市民节约空调费用232亿元。绿道植物大量吸收空气中的CO2，削减温室效应，并能滞留空气中的尘埃，进一步抑制升温，大大缓解了城市中心区的“热岛效应”。此外，在除尘降噪、吸收有毒气体和保护生物多样性上，广州市绿道工程亦取得巨大效益。（2）在环境效益方面，通过研究表明，广州市绿道工程具有巨大的环境效益，主要体现在美化视觉感受，提升景观价值；增加开敞空间，完善休闲环境；改善自然环境，提升居住条件，优化人居环境；防火抗灾，防风固沙等方面，极大改善着城市的人居环境。绿道也起到了改善空气质量、降低噪音、调节小气候等作用，网上问卷调查表明95%以上的广州市民感觉空气质量明显改善，20%左右的市民感觉到水源、噪声、光等生态环境改善。绿道建设完善了其沿线各村的道路、基础设施和各项服务设施，改善沿线居民的人居环境，通过沿线村的实地调查，表明绿道不仅改善了村的交通条件，而且加强了堤围等水利设施建设，部分村借绿道建设增加了休闲公园和广场等活动场所。（3）在社会效益方面，绿道建设提升了广州市作为健康休闲的生态宜居城市的城市形象，问卷分析表明，游客对广州市城市形象评价由体验绿道前的72分上升为体验后85分，网上问卷调查表明76%的广州市民认为绿道建设提升了广州的城市形象，95%广州市民表示大力支持绿道建设，“广州绿道”也成为互联网中与广州相关的被关注读很高的重要新闻标题。同时，绿道亦是文化的载体，在推动科普教育和宣传广东文化方面，有着积极的影响。一方面，绿道增加了城市的休闲空间，引领健康的生活方式；另一方面，它能优化居住环境，构建宜居城市，促进人际交流，和谐社会关系。这些环境的改善，反过来，又能增加广州的魅力和城市对人才的吸引力，促进人才交流，进而推动经济发展和城乡一体化进程，助力新型城镇化建设。（4）经济效益方面，研究结果表明，广州市绿道建设具有可观的总体经济价值，估算每年可产生经济价值15.5亿元。在此基础上，能形成旅游、体育、教育、文化等综合绿道经济产业链，使绿道网成为广州的又一张发展“王牌”。同时，绿道的建成，对绿地周边土地价值有显著的提升作用，“绿道”，成为大多房地产的宣传语。在增加农村就业方面，绿道则通过直接就业效应，如绿道建成后管理维护工作而增加的就业岗位和就业人数，以及间接就业效应，如旅游业以及与旅游相关的服务业体现，据估算每年增加直接就业岗位966个，极大促进乡村旅游开发和城乡经济交流。
[Abstract]:Guangzhou City, as the pioneer of the construction of the Pearl River Delta Green Road, has become a demonstration base for the construction of other urban green road construction, quantifying the ecological effect, environmental effect and social effect economic benefit of the construction of Guangzhou Green Road, which not only has theoretical significance to the performance evaluation of local government public projects, but also to the Pearl River Delta green road network. It is of practical significance to provide scientific basis for decision making.
Through the evaluation and analysis, the following conclusions are obtained.
(1) in terms of ecological benefits, Guangzhou's green road project, on the one hand, improved the mode of transportation, reduced carbon emissions by 2 million 480 thousand tons a year, and the Guangzhou citizens of the Baiyun Mountain Park.91% per year agreed that green road network would help people to choose green travel and reduce carbon emissions. At the same time, the construction of Greenway increased the city. The urban green area has increased the content of negative ions in large area. The oxygen gas production of green channel is 443340t, the value is about 1 billion 330 million yuan, and the average concentration of air negative ion in urban green space is 426 /cm3, which is of great significance for improving the air quality of Guangzhou and alleviating urban disease.
In adjusting the temperature and humidity and alleviating the heat island effect, the Guangzhou green road system has a great contribution. According to the 2 month air conditioning calculation, the cost of air conditioning can be saved by 23 billion 200 million yuan per year for the citizens of Guangzhou. The green road plants absorb CO2 in the air, reduce the greenhouse effect, and keep the dust in the air, further restrain the heating and greatly alleviate the temperature. In addition, in the central area of Guangzhou, the greenway project has also achieved great benefits in terms of dust removal, noise reduction, absorption of toxic gases and protection of biodiversity.
(2) in environmental benefits, through research, it shows that Guangzhou green road project has great environmental benefits, which is mainly reflected in beautifying visual feelings, improving landscape value, increasing open space, improving leisure environment, improving natural environment, improving living conditions, optimizing human living environment, fire resistance, wind resistance and sand fixation, and so on. The living environment of the city.
The greenway also played a role in improving air quality, reducing noise and regulating the microclimate. An online questionnaire survey showed that more than 95% of Guangzhou residents felt a significant improvement in air quality, and about 20% of the citizens felt water, noise, and light, and so on.
The green road construction has improved the roads, infrastructure and various service facilities along the line, improved the living environment of the residents along the line, and through the field investigation along the village along the line, it showed that the green road not only improved the traffic conditions of the village, but also strengthened the construction of the water conservancy facilities such as the embankment, and some villages had increased the leisure park and the square by the construction of the green road. Place.
(3) in terms of social benefits, green road construction promoted the city image of Guangzhou as a healthy and leisure ecological livable city. The questionnaire analysis showed that tourists' evaluation of city image of Guangzhou city rose from 72 points before experience green road to 85 points, and online questionnaire survey showed that 76% of Guangzhou citizens thought the construction of green road promoted Guangzhou's city. Image, 95% Guangzhou citizens expressed their strong support for Greenway Construction. "Guangzhou greenway" has also become an important news headline that is closely related to Guangzhou in the Internet.
At the same time, the green road is also a carrier of culture. It has a positive impact on promoting popular science education and promoting the culture of Guangdong. On the one hand, the green road increases the leisure space of the city and leads a healthy lifestyle. On the other hand, it can optimize the living environment, build a livable city, promote interpersonal communication and harmonious social relations. In turn, it can increase the charm of Guangzhou and the attraction of cities to talents, promote the exchange of talents, and then promote the process of economic development and urban and rural integration, and help the construction of a new type of urbanization.
(4) in terms of economic benefits, the results of the study show that the Guangzhou green road construction has a considerable overall economic value and an estimated economic value of 1 billion 550 million yuan per year. On this basis, it can form a comprehensive Green Road Economic Industrial Chain of tourism, sports, education and culture, making the green road network a further development "trump card" in Guangzhou. The green road has become a popular slogan for most real estate.
In terms of increasing employment in rural areas, the green road, through direct employment effects, such as the increase in employment and employment, and the effect of indirect employment, such as tourism and tourism related services, is estimated by direct employment effects, such as tourism and tourism related services, which are estimated to increase 966 direct jobs per year, greatly promoting rural tourism development and city. Rural economic exchanges.
【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S731.2

【参考文献】