保障性住房的工业化设计研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 10:52

【摘要】：随着我国经济快速增长,城市化速度逐步加快,导致了市场经济条件下房价的过快增长,背离了广大居民的实际购买能力。为改善我国中低收入者的居住环境,我国政府提出了大力建设保障性住房的政策。在住房建设过程中,依托工业化方式进行建造能够进一步提高施工效率和建造质量,降低能源消耗和环境污染,加快资金流转。保障性住房是以政府为主导的小面积住宅户型,其在资金调配,资源管理,建设执行方面有着无可比拟的优势,利于系列化设计、标准化部品设计应用和工业化建造的实施。由于生产力、经济条件、政府政策等因素的限制,我国的住宅工业化并未得到有序的发展。“十二五”期间,全国计划新建保障性住房3600万套,约是过去10年建设规模的两倍,为推进我国住宅工业化提供了一个良好的契机,而目前所做的的研究,大多是针对保障性住房设计乃至政策方面的研究；或者是对工业化住宅的设计和技术等方面的探索,真正针对保障性住房这一特殊住房的性质进行工业化设计研究的文献却是少之又少,大多是在会议纪要上提出,或是房地产集团自行开发的保障性住房工业化的实践项目介绍,对保障性住房的工业化设计系统的、完善的分析研究尚处于空白状态。因此,结合我国的实际情况,进行保障性住房工业化设计的系统研究显得尤为重要。论文第一章首先简述了选题的背景和意义,阐明了研究思路和方法,对国内研究现状进行了综述与总结,通过对国外如欧洲、美国、日本、新加坡等国家建筑工业化的经验的解析,得到符合我国国情的思考和启示；第二章回顾了我国住宅工业化和保障性住房的发展历程,对我国住宅工业化处于初级阶段的现状,难以得到长足发展的原因进行了分析说明,介绍了我国住房保障的形成和保障性住房中存在的问题。并对我国保障性住房的工业化发展历程及其存在的问题和不足作了归纳分析,并提出相应的建议,以政策和技术设计为主要方向来探寻保障性住房工业化的发展。论文第三章借用SI住宅的结构体系作为研究的理论基础,回顾了通用体系和专用体系的概念,提出通用体系和专用体系协调发展的思路,从结构支撑体系和内部填充体系两方面研析保障性住房工业化设计的重点方向和要点因素。提出以PC预制混凝土为主要的结构支撑体系,针对保障性住房的特点,对其室内空间的工业化设计要点进行了重点说明,提出结构支撑体系与填充体系一体化设计,即装修一体化,进一步提高工业化效率,并从政策方面给出了推广保障性住房工业化设计体系的相关建议。论文第四章是在保障性住房建设过程中运用工业化设计,在满足人们的基本需求基础上,进行进一步深化扩展,结合可持续发展的设计理念,进行弹性化,个性化设计,运用弹性化设计来满足不同乃至相同的住户对住房要求的变化,提供“主动改造”的空间；提出个性化设计,结合居民意愿,时代特征,地域特点来进行有特色的保障性住房设计,打破“旧工业建筑”单调,呆板的固有形象,注重住宅的节能设计,以及为一定数量的特殊人群提供无障碍设计。更好的体现多样化和人性化的新时代城市住宅形象。住宅弹性化,个性化,多样化的设计理念可以让户主根据自身生活要求来进行住房设计。第五章节对前几章的研究成果进行总结,并对我国的保障性住房工业化发展前景进行展望。保障性住房的工业化建设要求设计者无论是在技术、设计方面还是协调环境、提高品质等方面,在不同的环境和机遇下给出相应的解答,探索出更适宜的人居环境。保障性住房不单是政府、开发者、设计者的问题,更是需要全社会的响应和参与。保障性住房的工业化发展涉及到经济关系到民生民计,需要领导者、开发者和设计者综合开发、思索和开创,通过对我国工业化保障房的建造方式和设计方法的分析与厘定,对建筑构件市场的解析与模式构思,展现了工业化发展的模式和趋势,希望对我国现今的保障性住房的建设提供有益的参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic growth and the gradual acceleration of urbanization in China, the excessive growth of housing prices under the market economy has deviated from the actual purchasing power of the broad masses of residents. Construction mode can further improve construction efficiency and quality, reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution, speed up the flow of funds.Guaranteed housing is a government-led small-area residential unit, which has incomparable advantages in the allocation of funds, resource management, construction implementation, conducive to the serialization of design, standardization of the Ministry of construction. The implementation of application and industrialization.
Due to the restrictions of productive forces, economic conditions and government policies, China's housing industrialization has not been developed in an orderly way. Most of the studies are aimed at the design of affordable housing and even the study of policies; or the design and technology of industrialized housing. However, few of the literatures on the study of industrialized design aiming at the nature of affordable housing are available, most of which are put forward in the minutes of the conference or in the collection of real estate. The introduction of the practical project of indemnificatory housing industrialization developed by the Youth League is still blank in the study of indemnificatory housing industrialization design system.
In the first chapter, the background and significance of the topic selection are briefly introduced, the research ideas and methods are clarified, and the domestic research status is summarized. Through the analysis of the experience of foreign countries, such as Europe, the United States, Japan, Singapore and other countries, we can get the thinking and Enlightenment in line with China's national conditions. The development course of industrialization and indemnificatory housing is analyzed and explained. The reasons why it is difficult to get a great progress in housing industrialization in our country are explained. The formation of housing security and the problems existing in indemnificatory housing in our country are introduced. The shortcomings are summarized and analyzed, and corresponding suggestions are put forward to explore the development of affordable housing industrialization in the main direction of policy and technical design.
Chapter 3 of the paper borrows the structural system of SI housing as the theoretical basis of the study, reviews the concepts of general and special systems, puts forward the idea of coordinated development between general and special systems, and analyzes the key directions and key factors of industrialized design of affordable housing from structural support system and internal filling system. Taking PC prefabricated concrete as the main structural support system, according to the characteristics of affordable housing, the key points of industrialized design of interior space are emphasized. The integration design of structural support system and filling system is put forward, that is, the integration of decoration, further improving the industrialization efficiency, and the promotion of affordable housing is given from the policy aspect. Relevant suggestions on the industrial design system.
The fourth chapter of the paper is to apply the industrial design in the process of affordable housing construction, on the basis of meeting people's basic needs, to further deepen and expand, combined with the design concept of sustainable development, to carry out flexible and personalized design, and to use flexible design to meet the housing requirements of different and even the same households. "Active transformation" space; proposed personalized design, combined with residents'wishes, the characteristics of the times, regional characteristics to carry out the characteristic of the security housing design, break the "old industrial buildings" monotonous, rigid inherent image, pay attention to residential energy-saving design, as well as a certain number of special groups to provide barrier-free design. Residential image in the new era of diversification and humanization. Residential flexibility, personalization, diversification of design concepts can allow householders to carry out housing design according to their own living requirements.
The fifth chapter summarizes the research results of the previous chapters and prospects the development prospects of affordable housing industrialization in China.
The industrialization construction of affordable housing requires designers to give corresponding solutions under different environments and opportunities in terms of technology, design, coordinating environment and improving quality, so as to explore a more suitable living environment. Participation. The industrialization of affordable housing is related to the economy and people's livelihood. It needs leaders, developers and designers to develop, think and create a comprehensive way. Through the analysis and determination of the construction methods and design methods of industrialized affordable housing in our country, the analysis and model conception of the market of building components are presented, which shows the industrialization development. Patterns and trends, hoping to provide useful reference for the construction of affordable housing in China.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU241

【参考文献】