基于语料库的《论语》两个英译本的语言特征对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 22:08

本文选题：《论语》　切入点：英译本　出处：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究选取十九世纪英国传教士及汉学家理雅各和清末国学大师辜鸿铭的《论语》英译本为研究对象,基于自建的《论语》汉英语料库,依据语料库语言学和系统功能语法等理论,对《论语》两个英译本的语言特征开展对比研究,试图回答如下两个方面的问题:首先,《论语》两个译本作为翻译语言在词频、词汇密度、类型符比、主题性、“曰”和“天”的翻译上各有什么特征?第二,如何从文化角度对基于语料库分析所得出的《论语》两个译本的语料数据进行阐释?在探究这两个问题的答案、挖掘两个译本的语言特征的过程中,我们发现:(1)在词频上,理译本中和主题相关的实义词出现更为密集,实词之间更少用语法词连接;此外定冠词the在理译本和不定冠词a在辜译本中出现频率的显著差异说明理译忠实传意、辜译高度归化;(2)词汇密度和类型符比的综合分析发现辜译本的词汇密度高于理译本,可认为前者相对于后者文本信息量大;但在类型符比上,理译本明显高于辜译本,说明理译的词汇使用更为丰富多样,而辜译则较缺乏变化、较为单调;(3)主题性研究的主要发现是两个译本主题性表中涉及《论语》核心文化负载的主题名词没有相同,说明两位学者对于这类术语的翻译有着截然不同的解读,且“天”的翻译研究印证了这一点;其二,理译主题性表中名词多于辜译,动词少于辜译,说明理译偏向于事实描写,整个译本对比于辜译,静态描写较多;(4)说类动词“曰”和核心文化负载词“天”的翻译考察发现,辜鸿铭在翻译时更侧重于语篇衔接且能够就不同的语境对这两个词进行不同的解读。从文化角度来讲,理雅各本着为传教事业服务的目的,将《论语》译成英文,理译虽准确、忠实传意,但其学术型的翻译使其译文书面气息浓厚、晦涩难懂;反观辜鸿铭,出于对传教士的中国学的强烈不满,着手翻译儒家经典,其译文语言简练、行文流畅、富有文采、重视上下文的衔接,在很大程度上有助于西方了解孔子的真实形象。
[Abstract]:In this study, the Analects of Analects of Analects of Analects of Confucius by British missionaries and Sinologists in 19th century and Gu Hongming, a master of Chinese studies in late Qing Dynasty, were selected as the research objects, based on the Chinese-English Corpus. Based on the theories of corpus linguistics and systemic functional grammar, this paper makes a contrastive study on the linguistic characteristics of the two English versions of the Analects of Confucius and tries to answer the following two questions: first, the two versions are used as translation languages in word frequency. What are the features in terms of lexical density, type / character ratio, thematic nature, and translation of "Yue" and "Tian"? Secondly, how to explain the data of the two versions of Analects of Analects from the perspective of culture? In the process of probing into the answers to these two questions and digging up the linguistic features of the two versions, we find that in terms of word frequency, the rational translation and the related substantive words are more dense, and the grammatical words are less connected between the notional words; In addition, the significant difference in the frequency of definite article the and indefinite article a in Koo translation shows that the meaning of Li translation is faithful, and the comprehensive analysis of the lexical density and type-character ratio of Koo translation shows that the lexical density of Koo translation is higher than that of Li translation. It can be concluded that the former is much more informative than the latter, but the Li version is obviously higher than the Koo version in terms of type-character ratio, indicating that the lexical usage of Li translation is richer and more diverse, while Koo translation is less varied. The main findings of the thematic study are that the theme nouns concerning the core cultural load of the Analects of Analects are not the same in the thematic tables of the two versions, indicating that the two scholars have different interpretations of the translation of these terms. This is confirmed by the translation studies of "Tian". Second, the number of nouns in the thematic list is more than that of Koo, and the number of verbs is less than that of Koo, which shows that the translation of Li tends to be factual, and the whole translation is compared to Koo. The translation of the verb "Yue" and the core culture-loaded word "Tian" is investigated. Gu Hongming focuses more on textual cohesion and can interpret the two words differently in different contexts. From a cultural point of view, he translated the Analects into English for the purpose of serving the cause of missionary work. Faithfully spread the meaning, but its academic translation makes its translation hard to understand, but Gu Hongming, out of his strong dissatisfaction with the missionary's Chinese studies, set about translating the Confucian classics, the translation of which is concise and fluent. To a great extent, it is helpful for the West to understand the true image of Confucius.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

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