《美国霸权的困惑：美国为什么不能独断专行》（第5章）翻译实践报告

发布时间：2018-04-10 10:55

本文选题：美国霸权的困惑 + 软实力　；参考：《新疆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：苏联解体后,没有一个国家能够与美国匹敌,然而9·11的悲剧给美国人敲醒了警钟:世界正从冷战时代进入到全球信息化时代,美国应何去何从?本次的翻译实践任务是约瑟夫·奈(1937-)所写的专著。在目的论的指导下,通过大量事例、实例及数据阐释了何为美国霸权的困惑,即美国是世界上第一强国,然而也面临着霸权的衰落这一命题。作者想通过这些事实为病痛折磨中的美国开一剂良药,正如作者在序言中提到的:“这本书不应仅仅看做是对恐怖主义攻击的回应,尽管恐怖主义攻击是可怕的,我更加担忧的是美国的前途。”本篇翻译实践是以目的论为指导,包括翻译的目的、意义、译前准备、翻译过程中遇到的问题以及目的论在翻译过程中的具体应用等方面。具体来讲,该实践报告一共分为五个部分:第一部分为翻译缘起,对本次翻译实践的背景和意义进行介绍;第二部分为翻译任务,主要包括专著介绍和翻译步骤,重点说明专著原文特点及难点;第三部分为翻译理论框架:目的论。包括目的论的核心概念及中心思想、三大翻译原则及关系和翻译方法三大部分;第四部分详细介绍此理论对笔者翻译实践的指导,具体通过运用不同的翻译技巧从三个层面进行分析,即词汇层面(词义引申、增词法和省词法和转换词性法)、句法层面(分句法、合句法、换序法和转态法)和语篇层面;第五部分是结语,总结翻译经验,反思不足,以此指导今后的翻译实践。美国霸权的困惑对于中国道路的选择起着至关重要的作用:我们提出了“和平崛起”的战略,反对霸权主义,并且承诺永不称霸,而要做霸权的超越者。从美国的历史经验来看是很正确的;同时,我国不应与与超级大国直接对抗,而应通过发展经济和增强软实力来实现大国崛起。
[Abstract]:After the collapse of the Soviet Union, no country could compete with the United States. However, the tragedy of 11 September has awakened the alarm of Americans: what should the United States do when the world is entering the global information age from the Cold War era?This translation practice task is a monograph written by Joseph Neyne in 1937.Under the guidance of Skopos theory, through a large number of examples, examples and data, this paper explains what is the confusion of American hegemony, that is, the United States is the first power in the world, but it is also facing the decline of hegemony.The author wants to use these facts to prescribe a good medicine for the ailing United States, as the author notes in the preface: "this book should not be seen only as a response to terrorist attacks, even though they are horrific.What worries me more is the future of the United States. "The translation practice is guided by Skopos theory, including Skopos, meaning, preparation before translation, problems encountered in translation and the application of Skopos in translation.Specifically, the report is divided into five parts: the first part is the origin of the translation, the background and significance of the translation practice is introduced; the second part is the translation task, including the introduction of the monograph and the steps of translation.The third part is the theoretical framework of translation: Skopos theory.It includes the core concepts and central ideas of Skopos, the three translation principles, relations and translation methods. The fourth part introduces the guidance of this theory to the author's translation practice in detail.It is analyzed from three aspects by using different translation techniques, namely lexical level (extension of word meaning, addition of lexical meaning and provincial morphology and transformation of part of speech), syntactic level (clause method, syntactic combination, order method and transformation method) and discourse level.The fifth part is the conclusion, summing up the translation experience and reflecting the deficiency, so as to guide the translation practice in the future.The confusion of American hegemony plays an important role in China's choice of road: we put forward the strategy of "peaceful rise", oppose hegemonism, and promise never to seek hegemony, but to be the surpassing of hegemony.From the historical experience of the United States, it is quite correct that China should not directly confront the superpower, but should realize the rise of a great power by developing its economy and strengthening its soft power.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9

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